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 184 THE WAR FINANCES OF HENRY V April restoration was not necessarily immediate upon presentation of the ' aveu ', nor even upon the issue of the official orders if we may judge from the repetitions. When the English conquest extended north of the Seine, the religious houses of Upper Nor- mandy had similar experiences with the English authorities. The archiepiscopal property of the see of Rouen came into royal hands through Louis d'Harcourt's failure to do homage. 1 On 1 February 1420 the king wrote to the treasurer-general ordering the immediate occupation and collection of both spiritualities and temporalities in the dioceses of Rouen, Bayeux, and Seez, which were to be treated as vacant through the absence of the incumbents. 2 Taking Normandy as a whole, therefore, it appears that the property of all the bishops and the temporalities of at least two-thirds of the abbeys and monasteries, not to mention other religious corporations, were, at one time or another, subject to English administration. 3 Doubtless the income from these estates was seriously impaired by the state of war, 4 a condition which the royal domain would share. Of the actual administra- tion we get but the merest glimpses. The case of the convent of St. Sever, where the custody of its temporalities was conceded only ' usque necessariam sustentacionem suam. . . superplusagio proficuorum reservato regi ', 5 may be typical of such grants. At Fecamp, whence the abbot had fled rather than swear allegiance to the English authorities, the latter appointed one of the monks receiver of the feudal income, but provided him with an English colleague, whose wages the abbey paid, and forbade him to pay anything to the soi-disant abbot. 6 The same authorities audited the receiver's accounts. 7 At the same time Sir John Fastolf was placed in garrison at Fecamp, and another Rolls, 41. 686, 784; Notre-Dame-de-Lire, ibid. 41. 695, 734; Notre-Dame-de-Bonport, ibid. 41. 695, 702 ; St. Evroul, Rymer, ix. 572, Col. of Norm. Rolls, 41. 728, 785 ; Notre-Dame-de-Bernay, Roles de Brequigny, 1165, 1299, Cat. Norm. Rolls, 41. 760, 42. 436, 448. See also Hippeau, UAbbaye de St. Btienne de Caen, p. 472. 1 Gal. of Norm. Rolls, 41. 757 ; Roles de Brequigny, 1256, 1250; Exchequer Accts. 187/14, fo. 2 r ; 188/7, fo. 2. 2 Bib. Nat., Fonds Francais, 26043, nos. 547*6, 5478 ; 26044, no. 5656. 3 Of the ninety-seven abbeys and priories mentioned in Gallia Christiana as nourishing at this time sixty-six appear on the Norman Rolls with record of the restitution of their temporalities. In addition the rolls contain similar record in regard to collegiate churches, lazar houses, hospitals, &c. In one case, at least, the abbey of Ardennes, there is record of restitution which does not appear in the Norman Rolls (Mem. de la Soc. des Antiq. de Norm. vii. 41, no. 492). 4 Fallue, ii. 343, 352. 5 Roles de Brequigny, 1179 6 ; Gal. of Norm. Rolls, 41. 699. 6 Roles de Brequigny, 1495; Col. of Norm. Rolls, 42. 403; Compte de Jehan Cuillier, Archives de la Seine-Inferieure, Extraits et Notes Historiques, iv. 5464, and Abbaye de Fecamp, Dossier 386, fo. 48, there cited. 7 Cal. of Norm. Rolls, 42. 428.