Page:Englishhistorica36londuoft.djvu/111

 1921 REVIEWS OF BOOKS 103 on the next page he tells us that he .believes two races to have existed and to be represented, the one in the Egyptian, the other in the native sculptures, the first dolichocephalic and probably Mediterranean, the second brachycephalic and Armenoid. This might be held to tally with the theory of the two languages, Aryan and non- Aryan, in the land ; but it does not appear probable that the monuments, whether Egyptian or Hittite, can so far be depended on as to afford evidence as to skull- form, and the Hittites depicted by the Egyptians seem to be Armenoid enough in type, especially the famous figure illustrated by Dr. Cowley in his fig. 14 a (p. 29). One would expect them to be of the Armenoid rather than the Mediterranean type, but it is probable enough that both short-heads and long-heads coexisted in Asia Minor. One would certainly associate Aryan speech with short-heads or rather ' square-heads ' ; and if Hrozny is right it would seem probable that it was the Hittites that were the ancestors of the modern Anatolians, whose resemblance to the German ' square-heads ' of the Alpine type has been noticed by many, new to ethnology, in the course of the late war in the East. They are ultimately of the same Aryan-speaking race. But whether Dr. Cowley be right or wrong in his rejection of Hrozny 's view, we can all thank him for having given us in these lectures a useful summary of our knowledge of the Hittites and a suggestive attempt at interpretation of their inscriptions. We may perhaps regret that he has not given us a more lengthy appreciation of the purely archaeological evidence, that of the actual excavations at Boghaz Keui, Saktjegeuzi, Carchemish, and else- where, so far as it has yet been published ; but probably considerations of space militated against this. In this connexion Mr. Woolley's article on ' Hittite Burial Customs ' in the Liverpool Annals of Art and Archaeology, vol. vi, should be read by those who are moved by Dr. Cowley's book to a further study of Hittite archaeology, and Mr. Hogarth has now given an important contribution to the dating of Hittite monuments in the introduction to his Hittite Seals (Oxford, 1920). H. K. Hall. An Introduction to the Study of Terra Sigillata. By Felix Oswald and T. Davies Pryce. (London : Longmans, 1920.) It is barely twenty-five years ago since the appearance of Dragendorff's article on Terra Sigillata in the Bonner Jahrbucher systematized the study of the red glazed pottery, popularly known as Samian ware, produced in the Roman provinces of Gaul and Germany. The work which is now before us provides the first comprehensive study of the subject which has appeared in English. It is a book that will be warmly welcomed by Roman archaeologists, particularly by those concerned with Roman remains in Britain. The importance of terra sigillata does not rest upon its artistic merits. Among the hundreds of potters -who were engaged in its manufacture, Libertus of Lezoux stands out almost alone as a creative artist. It was at best a poor man's substitute for silver plate — ' Arretina nimis ne spernas vasa monemus ' — and the failure of the wares of Gaul to establish any permanent footing in Italy was due chiefly to the superior wealth of the latter province. Terra sigillata has a different value for the