Page:English Historical Review Volume 35.djvu/103

 1920 THE TWELFTH CENTURY 95 constructed under Henry II was, clearly, Dover Castle. The officer in charge of the work — or, at least, of the construction of the keep — was Maurice ingeniator, who makes his appearance as such in 11 82.^ He was still drawing his pay in 1 1 87.^ Its rate was eight- pence a day,^ which was a penny more than that of Ailnoth ; but he was not, as the latter was, continuously employed. Yet another of these officers appears towards the end of the reign, namely, ' Urricus Ingeniator ' * (or ' Ingeniator Regis ' ^), who received a sum of £2 in money and land in Surrey worth £5 a year in 1185 ; but we elsewhere read that he had a grant of land, worth £8 a year, at Sutton, Surrey, from Henry II,* and another at Wickford, Essex, worth £10 a year.'' At the latter place he founded a family of Urry or Orry, which continued to hold there down to 1307.® At Leatherhead he had a small holding, as * Magister Urricus Ingeniator ', of the king's gift.® I myself identify him with the ' Magister Elricus ' (or ' Euricus ') who was paid considerable sums for work on the castles of Vaudreuil and Pont de I'Arche in 1195.^^ Mr. Powicke, who does not,^^ styles ' Master Urric ' the ' most conspicuous of these engine makers ', and speaks of the lands granted to him by Richard I and John.^^ 2. Turning now to the porter of the castle, Mr. Lapsley observes (p. 353) ' that the porters' services were rewarded in land as well as money, ^^ and cites cases to illustrate the point. But he does not mention what is probably the most notable instance. This is that of York Castle. The keeping of its gate was a serjeanty, to which was attached an estate valued at £5 a year, with lands in York itself.^* In 1189 Alan, son of Ralf, is found accounting for £14 45. 8d. of his fine for the fee belonging • ' Et in liberatione Mauricii ingeniatoris a die Parasceve usque ad festum sancte Michaelis vi I. et iiij a. et viij d. per breve regis ' : Pipe Roll, 28 Hen. II, p. 150. « Pipe Roll, 33 Hen. II, p. 205. » Pipe RoU, 28 Hen. II, p. xxv, • Pipe Roll, 31 Hen. II, pp. 217, 235. * Ibid. p. xxvii. • Testa de NeviU, p. 225 ' H. rex dedit eandem villam magistro Urrico pro viij libratis terre, qui nunc earn tenet.' This entry is not indexed. This he seems to have held as a third of a knight's fee (Red Book, p. 560). ' Testa de NeviU, p. 267. This he held as a knight's fee of King Richard's gift (Red Book, pp. 503, 596, 739). « MoranCs History of Essex, i. 253-4. * Red Book, p. 802. " Magn. Rot. Scacc. Norm. i. 156, 236-7. The phrase is ' ad operat' '. " Loss of Normandy, pp. 544, 590. " He cites my King's Serjeants. Ebor' per seriantiam. Ad seriantiam illam pertinent plures terre in Ebor' ' : Testa, p. 368 a. ' Et lohannes tenet totam terram in Hoton, et valet per annum c sol., per seriantiam custodiendi portam castri de Ebor' ' : ibid. p. 368 b. ' Seriantia de Kolfweynhotun ' : ibid. p. 376 a, b. ' Colfweimus [Le. Colsweinus] tenuit in Hoton quinque carucatas et vj bovatas et unum molendinum per ser' custodiendi portam castri Ebor' ' : ibid. p. 378 b.
 * ' See above, p. 91, for the money pajmient.
 * ' Civitas Ebor' de seriantiis. lohannes [Doget] debet custodire portam castri