Page:English Historical Review Volume 35.djvu/102

 94 THE STAFF OF A CASTLE IN January with a special interest, and his various activities, as noted on the pipe rolls, deserve following out. In 1166 he is getting squared stones from Surrey (?Reigate) for the king's chambers,* and in 1171 stone for Windsor.^ By 1174 we find him employed on the Tower of London.^ Of special interest is the entry on the roll of 1175, which shows him dispatched, with carpenters and masons, to destroy Framlingham Castle after the rebellion,* when read with that of the following year which connects him with the demolition of Walton Castle (Suffolk) also, and with further destruction at Framlingham.^ I have suggested that, as a crowning indignity to the rebel magnates, a trusted engineer, whose name proclaims him of English descent, was thus employed.* He was also engaged, in these years, on constructive work, namely on the Tower of London and the refectory of Westminster Abbey.' In 1177 he was employed on the king's chamber and ' wardrobe ' at Westminster,* and in 1178 on the king's quarters at West- minster and the Tower.' Later rolls show him paid for glass win- dows at Westminster Palace and for work on the quay at West- minster. In 1189 he was still receiving his wage at the rate of sevenpence a day.*'* The facts of his case prove what were the real functions of a clerk of the works, and that such officer was paid seven times as much as the chaplain {capdlanus) of a royal castle. A good instance of an ingeniator being paid in connexion with work on a royal castle is found in 1 171, when Richard ingeniator was employed on Bowes Castle.** But the most important stronghold torem et per visum Edwardi Blundi et WiDelmi magni ' : Pipe Roll, 12 Hen. II, p. 106. ' Et in operatione domonim Regis de Westm' (£190) per AInodum Ingeniatorem et per visum Edwardi Blundi et Willelmi magni ' : ibid. p. 131. . . . et per visum .^Edwardi Blundi ' : Pipe Roll, 17 Hen. II, p. 748. ' ' Et Ailnod' Ingeniatori ... ad faciend' operat' in Turre Lund' per breve Regis et per visum ^Edwardi Blundi. . . . Et Ailnod' Ingen' c s. ad operat' Turris per breve Regis et per visum ^Edwardi Blundi ' : Pipe Roll, 20 Hen. II, pp. 8, 9. duxit ad prostemendum castrum de Framillingeham xiii li xv s. xi d. per breve Ricardi de Luci et per visum Roberti Mantel et ipsius Alnodi ' : Pipe Roll, 21 Hen. II, p. 708. ' Pipe RoU, 21 Hen. II, pp. 80, 209; 22 Hen. II, p. 14. sterium. . . . Et AlnoS ingeniatori c et i s. ad faciendam warderobam regis de West- monasterio ' : Pipe Roll, 27 Hen. II, p. 198. et Turris Lond' xv marcaa ' : Pipe Roll, 28 Hen. II, p. 198. '• Pipe RoU, 1 Ric. I, p. 224. " ' Et in operatione castelli de Bogis c lib. per breve R. Et Ricardo Ingeniatori XX 8. per idem breve ' : Pipe Roll, 17 Hen. II, p. 63. The castle is represented now by a lonely rectangular tower.
 * ' Pro lapidibus quadratis ad cameras Regis vii IL iiii s. vi d. per Alnod' Ingenia-
 * ' Et pro lapidibus ad operationem domorum Regis de Windr[esore8] per Ailnodum
 * ' In liberatione Alnodi Ingeniatoris et carpent' et cementariorum quos secum
 * Pipe Roll, 22 Hen. II, p. 60. • Ibid. p. xxiii
 * ' Et AlnoOo ingeniatori xx m. ad reparandam cameram regis apud Westmona-
 * ' Et item AlnofJo ingeniatori ad reparationem domorum regis de Westmonasterio