Page:Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography volume 5.djvu/593

 VIRGINIA BIOGRAPHY

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tive land and were forced to endure the greatest hardships and privations in mak- ing a home amid the forests and swamps of South CaroHna. The records of that state show an order issued November 2, 1678. for the survey oi lands for Richard Gillard (Gaillard). Bartholomew and John Gaillard v,-ere in the attempted settlement at James- town, South Carolina. May 22, 1692. when the former issued power of attorney to the latter. On the list of those naturalized, June 3. 1697, number 62 was Peter Gail- lard "ne a Cherneux du Poiton," son of Pierre Gaillard and Jacquete Jolain. By his will, made 1710, this Peter Gaillard left five pounds to the church. Another pio- neer of the name was Joachim, son of Jean Gaillard and Marie Gaillard, of Montpelier. in Languedoc, France. James Gaillard, re- siding on the east side of the Santee river in Prince Frederick parish, died i/fiS. Peter Gaillard, born 1757. introduced the culti- vation of Sea Island cotton after the failure of the indigo industry, and was considered among the greatest benefactors of his state. Among the most distinguished of the name in the state was Theodore Gaillard, an at- torney, who was many years a member of the state legislature and speaker of the house, and was elected, in 1808, a judge of the court at equity. After tilling this sta- tion twenty-four years, he resigned and was elevated to the bench of general sessions and common pleas. He died in 1829. An- other was John Gaillard. who was a member o' both house and senate in the state legis- lature, and was elected to the United States senate in 1804 to fill an unexpired term. He was three times re-elected ; was nine times elected president pro tem.. and pre- sided over the deliberations of that body fourteen years. He died in 1826 and was buried in the Congressional Cemetery.

Dr. Edward Samuel Gaillard was born January 16, 1827, in the Charlestown dis- trict of South Carolina, and died in 1885, in Louisville, Kentucky. He graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1845, and from the medical college of the same institution in 1854. For the succeeding ihree years he practiced his profession in I lorida, and then settled in New York City. After a trip to F.urope he continued prac- tice in New York City, and in i860 re- ceived the Fisher Fund Prize for an essay on Ozone. In the spring of 1861, on account

of the outbreak of the Civil war, being loyal to his home state, he removed to Balti- more, and soon after entered the Confeder- ate army, with which he served throughout the Civil war. In May, 1865, he resumed the practice of medicine at Richmond, \'ir- ginia. and in the following year established the "Richmond Medical Journal." Two \ears later he removed to Louisville and ct>ntinued the publication under the title of "Richmond and Louisville Medical Jour- nal." In July, 1874. he established the "American Medical Weekly," and in June. 1867, was made professor of general path- ology and pathological anatomy in the Med- ical College of \'irginia. In the following May he was appointed to the same chair in the Kentucky School of Medicine, at Louis- \ ille. In 1869 he became professor of prin- ciples and practice of medicine and general pathology in the Louisville Medical School, of which he was the first dean. At the battle of Seven Pines, in May, 1862, he lost his right hand, and subsequently conducted his literary and special work under difficul- ties. He was a member of many medical associations and societies and received a prize for an essay on diphtheria. In 1873, the University of North Carolina conferred on him the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Laws. He also bore the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. He married jMary Elizabeth Gibson, born 1848, daughter of Dr. Charles Bell Gibson, of V'irginia, and Ellen (Eyrel Gibson, of Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania. Dr. Charles Bell Gibson was a graduate of the University of Virginia, and served as surgeon-general of the Confed- erate army during the Civil war.

William Eyre Gibson Gaillard, son of Dr. Edward Samuel and Mary Elizabeth ( Gib- son) Gaillard, was born March i, 1877, at Louisville, Kentucky, and was educated at Trinity School, New York City. In Alarch. 1893, h^ entered upon his business career in the office of Stephen Van Rensselaer Cruger & Company, whose business, the uTanagement of estates, had been founded in 179^), principally to manage large land grants and develop the holdings of the Pa- troon, Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, who obtain- ed extensive grants at .Albany from the gov- ernment of Holland in January, 1630. This business was continued under various man- agers without interruption, and the immedi- ate predecessors of the firm with whom Mr.