Page:Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography volume 3.djvu/115

 UNDER THE CONFEDERACY

ber 14, 1855, to Flora, daughter of Col. Philip St. George Cooke, and was promoted first lieutenant, December 20, 1855. He served as volunteer aide-de-camp to Col. Robert E. Lee, on the Harper's Ferry expe- dition to suppress John Brown's raid in 1859 ; was on frontier duty in Kansas, 1859- 60 ; took part in the Keowa and Comanche expedition of i860 ,and was promoted cap- tain, April 22, 1861, but upon the secession of Virginia, he resigned his commission and was promoted lieutenant-colonel of Virginia infantry, Alay 10, 1861. He reported to Col. Thomas J. Jackson at Harper's Ferry ; was 'promoted colonel of cavalry, July 16, 1861, and was given command of the First Vir- ginia Cavalry, which he commanded at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861, driv- ing back the Union attack. He was pro- moted brigadier-general, September 24, 1861 ; guarded the rear of the Confederate retreat from Yorktown to Richmond ; com- manded four regiments of infantry at the battle of Dranesville, December 20, 1861, but was defeated by Gen. E. O. C. Ord, and commanded the Confederate cavalry during the seven days' battles before Richmond, June 25-July I, 1862. He was promoted major-general, July 25, 1862; made a raid on Gen. John Pope's camp at Catlett's Sta- tion, August 22, 1862, and captured his offi- cial correspondence, and on August 23, made a similar attack on Manassas Junction. He commanded the cavalry division. Army of Northern Virginia, at the second battle of Bull Run, August 29-30, 1862 ; commanded the cavalry in the Maryland campaign ; took part in the battle of Antietam, where he led the movement that resulted in the defeat oi Gen. Edwin V. Sumner's corps. On Oc- tober TO, 1872, he started <in his famous

"ride around McClellan," crossing the Po- tomac near Williamsport, and riding as far north as Mercersburg, Pennsylvania ; re- ■ turned on the other side of McClellan's army, eluding Pleasanton's vigorous pur- suit, and recrossed the river near the mouth of the Monocacy. He commanded the cav- alry corps, Army of Northern Virginia, at the battle of Fredericksburg, guarding the extreme Confederate right. His cavalry took part in the battle of Chancellorsville, and when Gen. T. J. Jackson was mortally wounded, and Gen. Ambrose Hill disabled, he succeeded to the command of the Second Army Corps ; retook the position at Hazel Grove, from which Jackson had been re- pulsed, and forced the Federal army to fall back from Chancellorsville and Fairview. He commanded the cavalry division at Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863; was detailed to guard the flanks of the advance guard of Gen. Lee's army, but was checked by Fleet- wood and Stevensburg by the Federal cav- alry. He made a raid in the rear of the Federal army, rejoining the Army of North- ern Virginia, July 3, 1863, and guarded the mountain gaps during the retreat from Gettysburg. During the remainder of the summer of 1863, he engaged in skirmishes with the cavalry under Gens. Kilpatrick and Buford, and defeated the cavalry under Gen. Pleasonton at Brandy Station, and the brig- ade under Gen. Henry E. Danes near Buck- land. He commanded the cavalry corps, Army of Northern Virginia, during Grant's campaign against Richmond, taking part in the battles of the Wilderness and Cold Har- bor. On hearing of Sheridan's advance to Richmond, he concentrated his forces at Yellow Tavern, where, on May 11, 1864, he v.as mortally wounded while urging on his