Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, first edition - Volume III, M-Z.pdf/519

 O R G ( 445 ) O R L in all the magazines, ganifons, and forts, in GreatBritain. Orgues is alfo ufed1 for a machine, compofed of feveral Ordonnance, in architedlure, is the compofition of a harquebufs or mufquet-barrels bound together, by means building, and the difpofition of its parts, both with rewhereof feveral explofions are made at the fame time, gard to the whole and to one another ; or, as Mr. Evelyn ufed to defend breaches and other places attacked, expreffes it, determining the meafure of what is affigned ORGYA, an ancient Grecian meafure, containing fix feet, to the ftveral apartments. ORIA, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, and ORE, in natural hiftory, the compound mineral glebe, territory of Otranto, lituated thirty miles north-wed of eatth, done, or other fubftance, which is rich enough the city of Otranto. in metallic particles to be worth the while of being pu- ORIFICE, the mouth or aperture of a tube, pipe, or other cavity. ri^d, and by this means to feparate the metal from it, whether gold, filver, copper, &e. See Chemistry. ORIGANUM, in botany, a genus of the didynamia gymOREBRO, the capital of the province of Nericia, in Swenofpermia clafs. The drobilus is triangular and fpiked. den: E. long. 15°, N. lat. 59° 70'. There are eleven fpecies, two of which are natives of OREGRUND, a port-town of Sweden, in the province Britain, viz. the vulgare, or wild marjoram; and the 0 of Upland: E. long. 18 15', N. lat. 6o° jok onites, or pot-marjoram. ORFORD, a borough and port town of Suffolk, thirty ORIGENISTS, in church-hidory, a Chridian feed in the miles ead of Bury. It fends two members to parliament. fourth century, fo called from their drawing-their opiORGAL, among dyers, denotes the lees of wine dried. nions from the writings of Origen. The origenids maintained, that the fouls of men had a pre-exident date ; ORGAN, in general, is an inftrument or machine defigned for the produAion of fome certain adlion or operation;. that they were holy intelligences, and had finned in heain which fenfe, the mechanic powers, machines, and even before the body was created : that Chrid is only the ven the veins, arteries, nerves, mufcles, and bones of fon of God by adoption : that he has been fucceffively united with all the angelical natures, and has been a chethe human body, may be called organs. rub, a feraph, and all the celedial virtues, one after anOrgan, in mufick, the larged, and mod harmonious windother: that in future ages, ne will be crucified for the indrument. The invention of the organ is very ancient, though it falvation of the devils, as he has already been for that of men; and that their punifument, and that of the damned, is agreed that it was very little ufed till the eighth century. It feems to have been borrowed from the Greeks. will continue only for a certain limited time. Vitruvius defcribes an hydraulic one in his tenth book of ORIGINAL, a fird draught or defign of any thing, which architecture. The emperor Julian has an epigram in its ferves as a model to be imitated or copied. praife. St. Jerome mentions one with twelve pair of Original sin, the crime of eating the forbidden fruit, bellows, which might be heard a thoufand paces, or a of which it is faid all mankind are guilty at their conmile ; and another at Jerufalem, which might be heard ception by the imputation of Adam’s tranfgrelTion ; which at the mount of Olives. is accounted for by fuppofing, that Adam, as he was ta There is one in the cathedral church of Ulm, in Gerbe the father, was alfo thfe foederai head and reprefenmany, that is ninety.three feet high, and twenty-eight tative, of the whole human race ; and that on his finning, broad ; the bigged pipe is thirteen inches in diameter; all that were to fpring from him partook of his crime. and it has fixteen pair of bellows. ORIGUELLA, a city of Spain, in the province of VaThe modern organ is a buffet, containing feveral rows lencia : W. long. $o, N. lat. 38° id. of pipes. The dze of the organ is generally expreffed ORILLON, in fortification, is a fmail rounding of earth by the length of its bigged pipe; thus we fay an organ faced with a wall ; raifed on the fhoulder of thofe badions of thirty-two feet, of fixteen, of eight, and of two feet. that have cafemates, to cover the cannon in the retired Hydraulic Organ, denotes a mufical machine that plays flank, and prevent their being difmounted bythe enemy. See Fortification. by means of water indead 6f wind. Of thefe there are feveral in Italy in the grottoes of vineyards. Ctefebes of ORIOLUS, in ornithology, a genus belonging to the orAlexandria, who lived in the time of Ptolemy Eurgetes, der of picas. The bill is conical, convex, very (harp, is faid to have fird invented organs that played by comand Arait, the fuperior mandible being much longer than preffing the air with water, as is dill praftifed. Archithe under one ; and the tongue is forked and (harp. medes and Vitruvius have left us defciiptions of the hyThere are 20 fpecies, principally didingui&ed by their draulic organ. colour. ORGASM, an ecdacy, or impetuous defire of coition, oc- ORION, in adronomy. See Astronomy, p. 487. cafior.ed by a turgeicency of the feminai veffels. ORJXA, the capital of the province of the fame name, in ORGIA, in antiquity; feads and facrifices performed in the hither India, fituated on the wed fide of the bay ofi honour of Bacchus, indituted by Orpheus,-and chiefly Bengal. celebrated on the mountains by wild didrafted women, ORKNEY islands, certain iflands on the north of Scotcalled. Bacchse. See Bacchanalia, and Dionys ia. land, from which they are feparated by a friih twenty miles in length, and ten in breadth. Thefe iflands are ORGIVA, a town of Spain, in the province of Granada, forty in number, and together with the ifland of Zetland twenty-five miles fouth of Granada. ORGUES, in the military art, are thick? long pieces of fend one member to parliament, and another for the burghs wood, pointed at one end, snddiod with iron, clear one of Kirkwall, of another; hanging each by a particular rope, or cord, ORLE, Orlet, or Orlo, in architeflure, a fillet under over the gate-way of a drong place, perpendicularly, to the ovolo or quarter round of a capital. When it is at be let Eli in cafe of an enemy. the top br bottom of the (haft, it is called cincture. Vol. HI. N° 88. 5 T P all Mi* 2