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 BUS C 695 ) BUT quaji lene njlum', that before the burning it was cal-have been worn, not only by aftors, but by girls, to led pyra, and during the burning, rogus. raife their height : travellers and hunters alfo made ule The buftum in the Campus Martius was encompafof it, to defend themfelves from the mire. fed round with white ftone, and an iron rail. In claffic authors., we frequently find the bufkin ufed BUTCHER, who flaughters cattle for the ufe to lignify tragedy itfelf, in regard it was a mark of of the table, a orperfon who cuts up and retails the fame. tragedy on the Rage. the ancient Romans, there were three kinds It is alfo to be underftood for a lofty ftrain, or high of Among eftablifhed butchers, whofe office was to furnifh the Ryle. y city with the neceffary cattle, and to take care of preBUSS, in maritime affairs, a fmall fea-veflel, ufed by paring and vending their fleffi. The fuarii providedi us and the Dutch in the herring-fifhery, commonly hogs; the or boarii, other cattle, efpecially from forty-eight to fixty tons burden, and fometimes oxen ; and pecuarii was a fubordinate clafs, whofe; more : A bufs has two fmall fheds or cabins, one at the office was tounderkill,thefe lanii, and carnifices. To prow, and the other at the ftern; that at the prow exercife the office ofcalledbutcher among the Jews with ferves for a kitchen^ was of more reputation than to underftand. Every bufs has a mafter, an affiftant, a mate, and dexterity, the liberal arts and fciences. They have a book confeamen in proportion to the veflel’s bignefs : the ma- cerning fhamble-conftitution ; and in cafe of any diffiiler commands in chief, and without his exprefs orthey apply to fome learned rabbi for advice: der the nets cannot be call, nor taken up ; the afiift- culty, nor wa-s any allowed to pradtife this art, without ~a ant has the command after him and the mate-next, licence in form; which gave the man, upon evidence; whofe bufinefs is to fee the feamen manage their rig- of his abilities, a power to kill meat, and others to ging in a proper manner, to mind thofe who draw in eat what he killed their nets, and thofe who kill, gut, and cure the herfor one year, and every month the next year, rings, as they are taken out of the fea : The feamen week once a quarter during his life, the conftitutio'n ado generally engage for a whole voyage in the lump. and The provifion which they take on board the bufles, bove mentioned. We have fome very good laws for _ confift commonly in bifket, oat-meal, and dried or the better regulation and preventing the abufes com< fait fifh ; the crew being content for the reft with what mitted by butchers. A butcher that fells fwine’s flefti meazled, or dead of the murrain, for the firft offencefrefh fifh they catch. See Fisheries. BUST, or Busto, in fculpture,^ tic. a term ufed for fiiall be amerced; for the fecond, have the pillory ; the figure or portrait of a perfon in relievo, fhewing for the third, be imprifoned and make fine; and for only the head, fhoulders, and ftomach, the arms be- the fourth, abjure the town. Butchers not felling ing lopped off: it is ufuaily placed on a pedeftal or .meat it reafonable prices, Ihall forfeit double the value, leviable by warrant of two juftices of the peace. confoie. M. Felibien obferves, that though, in painting, one No butcher ffiall kill any fiefa in his fealding-houfe, may fay a figure appears in bu/lo,. yet it is not proper- or within the walls of London, on pain to forfeit far ly called a bull; that word bemg confined to things in every ox fo killed, isd. and for every other beaft,. relievo. The bull is the fame with what the Latins 8d. to be divided betwixt the king and the profecutor. called henna, from the Greek hermes. Mercury, the Butcher-bird, in ornithology-. See Lan 1 us. image of that god being frequently reprefented in that BurcHER’srBROOM, in botany. See Ruscus. manner by the Athenians. BUTE, an iftand of Scotland, lying' in the mouth of BUSTARD, in ornithology. See Qtis. the frith of Clyde, fouth of Cowal in Argyleffiire. BUSTUARJI, in Roman antiquity, gladiators who It gives the title of earl to a branch of the Stuart fa- fought about the buftum, or funeral pile of a deceafed mily. Bute and Cathnefs fend only one member to. perfon of diftinriion, in the ceremony of his obfequies. parliament betwe'en. them, each choofing in its turn, This cuftom was found to be lefs barbarous than the whereof Bute has the firft. firft practice was of facrificing captives at the buftum, BU FEO, in ornithology^ the trivial name of a fpeciqs or on the tomb of warriors; inftancts whereof we of falco. See Falco. meet with both in Roman and Greek antiquities: the BUTLER, the name anciently given-to an officer in the blood fpilt o* this occafion, was fuppofed to appeafe, court of France, being the fame as the grand echanfon, by way of facrifice, the infernal gods, that they might or great cup-bearer of the prefent times. be more propitious to the manes of the deceafed. Butler, in tfte common acceptation of the word, is an BUSTUARL/E moech^e, according to feme, women officer in the houfes of princes and great men, whofe that w'ere hired to accompany the funeral, and lament principal bufinefs is to look after the wine, plate, .tie. the lofs of the deceafed: but others are of opinion, BUTLER-AGE of wine, is a-duty of two ffiiilings for that they were rather the more common proftitutes, every ton of wine imported by merchants ftrangers ; that; Rood among the tombs, graves, and other fuch being a compefition in lieu of the liberties and freelonely places. aoms granted to them. by king John and Edward I. BUSTUM, in antiquity, a pyramid or pile of wood by a charter called chafta mereatoria. upon which were anciently placed the bodies of the Butlerage was originally the only cuftom that was deceafed, in order to be burnt. Some authors fay, payable upon the importation of wines, and was taken that.it was properly called buftum after, the burning, and received by virtue of the regal prerogative, for. the _
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