Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, first edition - Volume I, A-B.pdf/808

 B R I (676 ) B R I be fubjeft to crack, and be full of chinks. He di- The place for the fuel is carried up ftrait on botsh re&s, that the loam of which bricks are made be well fides, till about three feet high ; then they almoft fill fte'eped and wrought with water. it with wood, and over that lay a covering of fea-coal, Bricks, among us, are various, according to their va- and then overfpan the arch; but they ftrew fea-coal rious forms, dimenfions, dies, method of making, ebc. alfo over the clamp, betwixt all the rows of bricks; the principal of which are, Compafs-bricks, of a circu- laftly, they kindle the wood, which gives fire to the lar form, ufed infleyning of walls : Concave, or hol- coal ; and when all is burnt, then they conclude the low bricks, on one fide flat like a common brick, on bricks are fufficiently burnt. the other hollowed, and ufed for conveyance of wa- 0/7 ^ Bricks, olive oil imbibed by the fubftance of ter : Feather-edged bricks, which are like common bricks, and afterwards diftilled from it. This oil was llatute bricks, only thinner on one edge than the o- once in great repute for curing many difeafes, but is ther, and ufed for penning up the brick pannels in now entirely laid afide.timber buildings: Cogging bricks are ufed for making BRICKING, among builders, the counterfeiting of a the indented works under the caping of walls built brick-wall on phlfter, which is done by fmearing with great bricks : Caping bricks, formed on purpofe it over with red ochre, and making the joints with an for caping of walls: Dutch or Flemilh bricks, ufed to edged tool; thefe laft are afterwards filled with a fine pave yards, ftables, and for foap-boHers vaults and plafter. cifterns: Clinkers, fuch bricks as are glazed by the BRIDE, a woman newly married. Among the Greeks heat of the fire in making : Sandel or famel-bricks, it was cuftomary for the bride- to be condudted from are fuch as lie outmoll in a kiln, or clamp, and con- her father's houfe to her hufband’s in a chariot, the fequently are foft and ufelefs, as not being thoroughly evening being chofen.for that purpofe, to conceal her burnt: Great bricks are thofe twelve inches long, fix blufties; fhe was placed in the middle, her hufband broad, and three thick, ufed to build fence-walls: fitting on one fide, and one of her moft intimate _Plai%r or'buttrefs bricks, have a notch at one end, friends on the other; torches were carried before her, half the breadth of the brick ; their ufe is to bind the and Ihe was entertained in the paffage with a fong fuiwork which is built of great bricks: Statute-bricks or table to the occafion. When they arrived at their end, the axle-tree of the coach they rode in frnall common bricks, ought, when burnt, to be nine journey’s inches long, four and a quarter broad, and two and a was burnt, to fignify that the bride was never to rehalf thick ; they are commonly ufed in.paving cellars, turn to her father’s houfe. Among the Romans, when a bride was carried home to her hulband’s houfe., (he * links, hearths, 6"£. Bricks are burnt either in a kiln or clamp. Thofe was not to touch the threlhold at her firft entrance, but was to leap over it. that are burnt in a kiln, are firll fet or placed in it, BRIDEGROOM, a man newly married, the fpoufe of and then the kiln being covered with pieces of bricks, they put in fome wood to dry them with a gentle fire ; the bride. The Spartan bridegrooms committed a kind of rape and this they continue till the bricks are pretty dry, their brides; for matters being agreed on bewhich is known by the fmoke’s turning from a darkifh upon them two, the woman (hat contrived and macolour to a tranfparent fmoke: They then leave off tween the match, having (haved the bride’s hair clofe putting in wood, and proceed to make ready for burn- naged her up in man’s deaths, and left ing, which is performed by putting in brulh, furze, toherherupon(kin,a drefled this done, in came the bridefpray, heath, brake, or fern-faggots; but before they groom, in hismattrefs; drefs, having fupped as ordinary, put in any. faggots, they dam up the mouth or .mouths and dealing as ufual privately as he could to the room where of the kiln with pieces of bricks (which they call Jhin- the bride lay, and untying her virgimgirdle, took her log) piled up one upon another, and clofe it up with to his embraces ; and having ftayed a (hort time with wet brick-earth, inllead of mortar. her, returned to his companions, with whom he conThe fhinlog they make fo high, that there is but tinued to fpend his life, remaining with them .by night juft room above it to thruft in a faggot; then they proceed to put in more faggots, till the kiln and its as well as by day, unlefs he ftole a (hort vifit to his which could not be done without a great deal arches look white, and the fire appears at the top of bride, of circumfpedtion, and fear of being difeovered. the kiln ; upon which they flacken the fire for an BRIDEWELL, a work-houfe, or place of corredion hour, and let all cool by degrees. This they continue for vagrants, (trumpets, and other diforderly perfons. to do, alternately heating and flacking, till the ware Thefe are made to work, being maintained with be, thoroughly burnt, which is ufually effected in forty- cloathing and diet; and when it feems good to their eight hours. they are fent by pafles into their native About London they chiefly burn in clamps, built of governors,: however, while they remain here, they are the bricks themfelves, after the manner of arches in countries only made to work, but, according to their crimes, kilns, with a vacancy between each brick, for the fire not receive, once a-fortnight, fuch a number of ftripes as to play through ; but with this difference, that inftead the governor commands. Yet to this hofpital feveral of arching, they fpan it over by making the bricks hopeful and ingenious lads are put apprentices, and project one over another on both fides of the place, prove afterwards honeft.and fubftantial citizens. for.the wood and coals to lie in till they meet, and are BRIDGE, a work of mafonry or timber, confiftingoneof bounded by the bricks at the top, which cfofe all up.