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 BRA ( 661 'l BRA for that purpofe ufe wine that is pricked rather The convex fide of one lamina is fitted into the and than good wane. The chief brandies for foreign concave fide of the next fuperior one; and all of them trade, and thofe accounted beft, are the brandies of are connedted together by means of a membrane, Rochelle, Cogniac, Charenton, the ifle which reaches from their bafe half-way their height, ofBourdeaux, Rhe, Orleans, the county of Blafois, Poidou, where it grows thicker, and in fome meafure relem- Touraine, bles a rope. The reft of the lamina is free, and ter- paign. Anjou, Nantes, Burgundy, and Chamminates in a very fine and flexible point. in ichthyology, a fpecies of falmon, with As to the ufe of thefe gills, they feem to be defign- BRANLIN, feveral tranfverfe black ftreaks, refembling the imprefed to receive the blood protruded from the heart into fion of fo many fingers. the aorta, and convey it into the extremities of the BRANSKA, town of Tranfilvania, fituated on the rilamellae ; from whence being returned by veins, it is ver Mariili: a E.Iong. 230 1 5 and N. lat. 46°.• diftributed over the body of the filh. in ichthyology, a ffth otherwife called acaBRANCHIARUM foramina, apertures of the gills. In BRASEM, moft fifties there is only one aperture ; in the cartila- ra peba. an anniverfary folemnity at Sparta, in meginous ones, thefe apertures are ten in number, five on BRASIDIA, of Brafidas, a Lacedaemonian captain, famous for each fide ; and in the petromyzon or lamprey, there mory atchievments at Methone, Pylos, and Amphipolis. are no lefs than fourteen of thefe apertures, feven on his It was celebrated with facriiices and games, wherein each fide. As to the cetacious fifties, they have no aperture of none were permitted to contend, but free-born SparWhoever negieded.to be prefent at the foletfithis kind; and the reafon feems to be, becaufe they tans. nity u'as fined. are furniftied with lungs. country of BRANCHIDA1, in Grecian antiquity, priefts of the BRASIL, or Brazil, a large maritime temple of Apollo, which was at Dydimus in Ionia, a South America, lying between 350 0 and 6o° W. Ion. province of lefter Alia, towards the /Egean fea, upon and between the equator and 35 S. lat. It is bounded by the Atlantic ocean and the river the frontiers of Caria. They opened to Xerxes the temple of Apollo, the riches whereof he took away. Amazon On the north, by the fame ocean on the eaft, After which, thinking it unfafe to ftay in Greece, they by the river of Plate on the fouth, and by Paragujy fled to Sogdiana, on the other fide of the Cafpian on the weft ; being computed to be 2500 miles in fea, upon the frontiers of Pe/fia, where they built a ^length, and 700 miles in breadth. The Portuguefe city, called by their own name ; but they did not e- have now the foie dominion of this extenfive country, fcape the punifhment of their crime: For Alexander where, befides iugar and tobacco, there are rich mints the Great having conquered Darius king of Perfia, and of gold and diamonds ; from whence his Portuguese being informed of their treachery, put them all to the majefty draws a very confiderable revenue. fword, and razed their city, thus punilhing the impiety Brasil suoisr/, or Brazil-w5o^, an American wood of a red colour, and very heavy. It is denominated vaof the fathers in their pofterity. BRANCHON, a town of the Auftrian Netherlands, a- rioufly, according to the places from whence it as bout eight miles north of Namur: E. long. 40 50^ brought: Thus we have brafil from Fernambuco,' Japan, Lamon, <tc. and N. lat. 50° 32'. The brafil-tree ordinarily grows in dry barren BRANCHL/S, a defluxion of humours upon the fauces, being a fpecies of catarrh. places, and even in the cliffs of rocks,: It is very BRANDEIS, a town of Bohemia, fituated on the river0 thick and large, ufually crooked and knotty: Bis Elbe, ten miles north-eaft of Prague: E. long. 14 flowers, which are of a beautiful red, exhale a very 25', N. lat. 50° 15'. agreeable fmell. Though the tree be very thick, it is covered with BRANDENBURG, a city of the marquifate of Brandenburg in Germany, fituated on the river Havel, fo grofs a bark, that when the favages have taken it 0 twenty-fix off, the wood or trunk, which was before the thick0 miles weft of Berlin: E.-long. 13, N. lat. 52 25'. nefs of a man, is fcarce left equal to that of his leg. It was once the capital of Brandenburg; but is now This wood muft be chofen in thick pieces, clofe, on the decline, fince Berlin fupplanted it. found, without any bark on it, and fuch as, upon BRANDON, a market-town of Suffolk, fplitting, of pale becomes reddifti, and, when chewed, 0 ten miles north of Bury.- E. long. 45', N. lat. 52 3c/. has a faccharine tafte. It is much ufed in turned It gives the title of duke to his grace the duke of work, and takes a good polilh : But its chief ufe is in Hamilton. dying, where it ferves for a red colour: It is a fpuriBRANDRITH, a trevet, or other iron utenfil, to fet ous colour, however, that it gives, and eafily evapoa veffel on over the fire. rates and fades; nor is the wood to be ufed without BRANDY, a fpirituous and inflammable liquor, ex- alum and tartar. From the Brafil of Fernambuco, is traded from wine and other liquors, by diftillation. drawn a kind of carmine, by means of acids: Ther s See Chemistry, Of fpirituous fermentation, and is alfo a liquid lacca made of it, for miniature. * difilling. the capital of a palatinate of the Eam: Wine-brandy, made in France, is efteemed the beft BRASLAW, name, in the province of Lithuania in Poland: Eolon, in Europe. They make it where-ever they make wine,, , ,.26°, N. lat. 56° 20. .. yon. I. No. 28. 3 8E BRASS,-