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 BEN ( 540 ) BEN BENBERICK, a fea-port town, fxtuated on the Perfian their ufual time of deeping and eating; but they were gulf. not allowed to praftife any voluntary aufterity without BENDIDIA, a feftival, not unlike the Bacchanalia, ce- leave of their fuperior: They never converfed in their refe&ory at meals, but were obliged to attend to the lebrated by the Athenians in honour of Diana. BENDING, in a general fenfe, the reducing a ftraight reading of the fcriptures : They all flept in the fame dormitory, but not two in a bed ; they lay in -their body into a curve, or giving it a crooked form. The bending of timber-boards, ebf. is effected by cloaths : For fmall faults they were (hut out from means of heat, whereby their fibres are fo relaxed meals ; for greater, they were debarred religious commerce, and excluded from the chapel; and as to in-that you may bend them into any figure. Bending, in the fea-language, the tying two ropes or corrigible offenders, they were excluded from the mocables together: Thus they fay, bend the cable, that nafieries. Every monk had two coats, two cowls, a is, make it fall: to the ring of the anchor; bend the table-book, a knife, a needle, and a handkerchief; and the furniture of their bed was a mat, a blanket, a fail, make it fall to the yard. BENDITTO, a town of the Mantuan in Italy, fituated rug, and a pillow. near the fouth fltore of the river0 Po, about twelve BENEDICTION, or Blessing. The Hebrews, unmiles fouth-eaft of Mantua, in 11 20' E. long, and der this name, underfland the prefent ulually fent from one friend to another, as alfo the blefling conferred by 450 N lat. BENDLET, in heraldry, the fame with cottice. See the patriarchs, on their death-beds, upon then children. The privilege of benediction was one of thoie early Cottice. BENDS, in a (hip, the fame with what is called wails, inftances of honour and refpeCt paid to biftiops in the or yales ; the outmoft timbers of a flip’s fide, on primitive church. The cuftom of bowing the head to which men fet their feet in climbing up. They are them, and receiving their bleflings, was become univerreckoned from the water, and are called the firll, fe- fal. In the weftern churches there was anciently a kind cond, or third bend. They are the chief ftrength of of benediction which followed the Lord’s prayer; a fliip’s fides, and have the beams, knees, and foot- and aftef the communion, the people were difmiffed with a benediction. hooks bolted to them. BENDY, in heraldry, is the field divided into four, fix, BENEDICTUS, among phyficians, an epithet given to or mote parts, diagonally, and varying in metal and feveral medicines, on account of their lenitive qualities ; thus we meet with aqua benedicla, benediciutn colour. The general cuftom of England is to make an even laxativum, vinum benediflum, &c. * number, but in other countries they regard it not, whe- BENEDIT rO Sacco. Seq Sacco. BENEFICE,,in an ecclefiaftical fenfe, a church endowed ther even or odd. See Plate LI. fig. 12. Counter Bendy is ufed by the French, to exprefs what with a revenue for the performance of divine fervice ; we ordinarily call bendy of fix per bend finifter, coun- or the revenue itfelf afligned to an ecclefiaftical perfon, by way of ftipend, for the fervice he is to do terchanged. that church. Barry Bendy. See Barry. All Church-preferments, except bi(hoprics,,are called /G/y Bendy. See Paly. benefices; and all benefices are, by the canonifts, BENE, or De bene esse. See De bene esse. BENCAPED, among failors. A (hip is faid to beben- fometimes ftyled dignities: But we now ordinarily di-. caped when the water does not flow high enough to ftinguifti between benefice and dignity, applying dignity bring her off the ground, out of the dock, or over to bifljoprics, deanries, archdeaconries, and prebendaries ; and benefice to parfonages, vicarages, and the bar. BENEDICITE, among ecclefiaftical writers, an appella- donatives. Benefices are divided by the canonifts into fimple tion given to the fong of the three children in the fiery furnace, on account of its beginning with the word and facerdotal: In the firft there is no obligation but to read prayers, fing, &c. fuch are canonries, chabenedicite. BENEDICTINS, in church-hiftory, an order of monks, plainfhips, chantries, Ctc.: The fecond are charged with the cure of fouls, or the direftion and guidance of who profefs to follow the rules of St. Benedift. The benedi&ins, being thofe only that are proper- confciences; fuch are vicarages, reftories, fcc. The Romanifts again diftinguifti benefices into rely called monks, wear a loofe black gown, with large wide fleeves, and a capuche, or cowl, on their heads, gular and fecular. Regular or titular benefices are thofe held by a reliending in a point behind. In the canon law, they are gious, or a regular, who has made profeflion of feme ftyled black friers, from the colour of their habit. The rules of St. Benedift, as obferved by theEng- religious order; fuch are abbeys, priories, convenIi(h monks before the diflblution of the monafterieS, tuals, &c.; or rather, a regular benefice is that which were as follows: They were obliged to perform their cannot be conferred on any but a religious, either by devotions feven times in twenty four hours, the whole its foundation, by the inftitution of fome fuperior, or circle of which devotions had a refped to the paflion by prefcription : For prefcription, forty years poflef-. and death of Chrift: They were obliged always to go fion by a religious makes the benefice regular. Secular benefices are only fuch as are to be given to two and two together: Every day in lent they were obliged to faft till fix in the evening, and abated of fecular priefts, i. e. to fuch as live in the world, and are