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 B E A ( 533 ) B E A ander the"Great, that prince having ordered the MaceBeam, in heraldry, the term ufed to exprefs the main donians to be fhaved, for fear it ftiould give a handle horn of a hart -or buck. Beam, among hunters, the main flem of a deer’s head, to their enemies. The Romans did not begin to or that part which bears the antlers, royals, and tops. ftiave till the year of Rome 454. Nor did the Ruffians cut their beards till within thefe few years, that Charnber-iiKM. See Chamber-^tw. Beam is alfo the name of a fort of fiery meteor in the Peter the Great, notwithftanding his injunction upon them to ftiave, was obliged to keep on foot a number of Iha^e of a pillar ; alfo a ray of the fun. BEAM-yf//z«^, in building, the filling up of the vacant officers to cut off, by violence, the beards of fuch as fpace between the raifon and roof, with Hones or would not otherwife part with them. bricks laid between the rafters on the raifon, and Beard of a comet, the rays which the comet emits toplaftered on with loam, where the garrets are not par- wards that part of the heaven to which its proper mogeted, or plaftered, as in country places, where they tion feems to direCt it, in which the beard of a comet is diftinguiftied from the tail, which is underftood of do not parget or plafter their garrets. Beam of an anchor, the longeft part of it, called alfo the rays emitted towards that part from whence its motion feems to carry it. the Jhank. 'Bv.&M-feathers, in falconry, the longeft feathers of a Beard of a horfe, that part underneath the lower mandible on the outfide and above the chin, which bears hawk’s wing. Beam alfo denotes the lath, or iron, of a pair of feales ; the curb. It is alfo called the chuck. It ftiould have but little flefti upon it, without any fometimes the whole apparatus for weighing of goods is fo called: Thus we fay, it weighs fo much at the chops, hardneft, or fwelling, and neither too high raifed nor too flat, but fuch as the curb may reft in its king’s beam. Beam of a plough, that in which all the parts of the right place. plough-tail are fixed. See Agriculture. BEARDED hujk, among florifts, is a hulk, hairy on Beam, or Roller, among weavers, a long and thick the edges. wooden cylinder, placed length-ways on the back-part BEARDING of wool. See Wool. BEARER, in architecture, a poft, or brick-wall, trimof the loom of thofe who work with a ihuttle. That cylinder, on which the fluff is rolled as it is med up between the two ends of a piece of timber, to weaved, is alfo called the beam or roller, and is pla- fliorten its bearing, or to prevent its bearing with the ced on the fore-part of the loom. whole weight at the ends only. Bearer of a bill of exchange, the perfon in whofe BEAN, in botany. See Vicia. BEAR, in zoology. SccUrsus. hands the bill is, and in favour of whom the laft orBear, in aftronomy. See Ursa. der was made. Bear, in heraldry. He that has a coat of arms is faid When a bill is made payable to the bearer, it is unto bear in it the feveral charges or ordinaries that are derftood to be payable to him in whofe hands it is, afin his efcutcheon. ter it becomes due. See Bill. Bear, in gunnery. A piece of ordnance is faid to come BEARERS, in heraldry. See Supporters. to bear, when it lies right with, or direftly againft the CVs/y-BEARERS. See Cross. mark. BEARING, in navigation and geography, the fituation BEARALSTON, a borough of Devonfhire, fituated on of one place from another, with regard to the points of the river the compafs ; or the angle which a line drawn through 0 Tamar, about ten miles1 north of Plymouth, in 4 30' W. long, and 50° 3J N. lat. It fends the two places, makes with the meridians of each. two members to parliament. Bearing, in the fea language. When a ftiip fails toV>v.^’s-breech. See Acanthus. wards the ftiore, before the wind, ftie is faid bear in BEARD, the hair growing on the chin, and adjacent with the land or harbour. To let the ftiip fail more parts of the face, chiefly of adults and males. See before the wind, is to bear up. To put her right beAnatomy, p. 256. fore the wind, is to bear round. A ftiip that keeps off Various have been the ceremonies and cuftoms from the land, is faid to bear off. When a fliip that of moft nations in regard of the beard. The Tar- was to windward comes under another (hip’s ftern, and tars, out of a religious principle, waged a long and fo gives her the wind, (he is faid to bear under her bloody war with the Perfians, declaring them infi- lee, cbc. There is another fenfe of this word, in redels merely becaufe they would not cut their whifk- ference to the burden of a (hip; for they fay a (hip ers after the rite of Tartary: And we find, that a bears, when having too (lender or lean a quarter, (he confiderable branch of the religion of the ancients will fink too deep into the water with an over light confifted in the management of their beard. Ecclefi- freight, and thereby can carry but a fmall quantity aftics have fometimes been enjoined to wear, and at of goods. See Navigation. other times have been forbid the wearing, the beard ; Bearing j/" timber, among carpenters, the time by the ears, about their beards. To let' the when it has no other fupport, which they call bearing beard grow, in fome countrier, is a token of mourn- at length, or between one extreme and a pod, bricking, as to fhave it is the like in others. wall, 6c. trimmed up between the ends to ftiorten its The Greeks wore their beards till the time of Alex- bearings. Vol. I, No. 23. 3 6T High
 * and the Greek and Romifh churches have been a long fpace either between the two fixed extremes thereof,