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 ARC ( 3*2 ) A R D ARCHITALASSUS, or admiral-fhell, a fynonime of and contains many male flowers in the difk. There ts but one fpecies of ardtopus, viz. the echinatus, a naa fpecies of conus. See Conus. ARCHITRAVE, in architedure, that part of a column tive of Ethiopia. 'Which Kes immediately-Upon the capital, being the ARCTOTIS, in botany, a genus of the fyngeijefia polowed: member of the entablature,' and fo called frofm lygamia nece/Faria clafs. The receptacle is briftly; its reprelentinjh the principal beam in timbei-buildings. the corona of the pappus is pentapbyllous ; and the ca lix is imbricated, with the foales loofe at the top. See Architecture. Over a chimney, this member is called the mantle- There are 11 fpecies of ar&otis, all of them natives of Ethiopia, or the Cape of Good Hope. piece ; and over, -doors or windows, the hyperihyron, ARCH1VOLT, in architedlure, the inner centre of an ARCTURUS, a fixed dai of the find magnitude, io arch, or a band adorned'with mouldings running over the fkirt of Bootes. the faces of the arch-ftones, and bearing upon the im- ARCTUS, in adronomy. the Greek name of the urfa pofts. major and minor.. See Astrohomy, andUasA. ARCHIVE, or Arch ives, an apartment in which are ARCUATION, in gardening, the raifing of trees by depofited the records, charters, and other papers of a layers. See Gardening. Ar cuation, in forgery, denotes a didortion or incurdate or community. ARCHMARSHAL, the grand marfhH of the empire, vation of the bones, as happens in the tickets, isc. ARCUTIQj a machine eonfiding of hoops, ufed in a dignity belonging to the eleflor of Saxony. ARCHONj in Grecian antiquity, the chief magidrate Florence by nurfes, in order to prevent the child from of Athens, after the abolifhing of monarchy; and al- being overlaid. Every nurfe is obliged to lay her fo, the appellation given to feveral officers, both civil child in an arcutio, under the .pain of excommunication. and religious, under the Greelt empire. ARCHOMTICI, in dmreh-hidory, a branch of Valen- ARCYRIA, in botany. See Clathrus. tinians, who maintained, that the world was not cre- AR33ASSES, the coaifed of all the filks in Perfia. ARDEA. in ornithology, a genus of the order of graL ated by God, but by angels called Archontes. ARCHTREASURER, the great treafurer of the Ger- lae. The general characters of this order are thefer man empire, a dignity belonging to the duke of Brur/f- The bill is ftreight, foarp, long, and fomewhat compreffed, with a furrow that runs from die nodrils towick, king of Great Britain. ARCIGOVINO, a province of Dalmatia, bounded by wards the point; the nodrils are linear; and the feet Bofnia, Mantenero, and the Adriatic fea, and called have four toes. This genus confids of 26 fpecies 5 and under it Linnaeus comprehends the grus or crane, by the Italians Santa Sabata. ARCILEUTO, a lute longer and larger than ordinary. the ciconia or dork, and theardea or heron, of other ARCION, in botany, an obfolete name of the tuffilago. authors. The fird fpecies is the pavonina, or crowned ARCO, a town of the bilhopric of Trent in Italy, fi- crane, which has an erect brifHy cred, with the temtuated about 16 miles S. W. of Trent, in io° 46' ples and two wattles naked. The head is black ; the cred is yellowifh, and tipped with black at the top; E. long, and 46° N. lat. ARCTAPELIOTES, a term ufed to denote a nonh- the wings are white; and the feathers of the tail black, and of an equal length. It is a native of Africa. ead wind. ^RCTIC, in adronomy, an epithet given to the north 2. The virgo has long white fopercilia that hang down ' pole; and hkewife to a circle of the fphere, parallel backwards. The body is of a bluifli alh-colour, and to the equator, and twenty-three degrees thirty minutes about the fize of a dork ^ the head and prime feathers didant from the north pole. See Astronomy, and of the wings towards the points are black and pendulous ; the edges are red^ and the pupils are afli-colourGeography. ARCTIC A, in ornithology, a fynonime of a fpecies of ed; behind the eyes, on both fides, there is a feathery larus. See Larus. cred, which turns backwards a confidcrable way, and is ARCT IUM, in botany, a genus of the fyngenefia poly- of a white colour: The feet are black; the beak is green gam; a aequalis clafs. The calix is globular, fquamous, at the bafe, yellowilh in the middle, and red at the and hooked at the tops. There are only two fpecies point. 3. The canadenfis, or brown and alh-coloured cf andiom, viz. the lappa, or burdock, a'native-of crane of Edwards, is naked and papilious on the foreBritain ; and the perfonata, a native of the Alps, &c. head ; the body is afh-coloured, and the wings are of a The roots and feeds of the lappa are edeemed to be reddidi or brick-colour. 4. The grus, or common diuretic and fudorifiL DecoGions of the roots have crane of Englilh authors, Eas a naked papilious crown; the prime feathers of the wings are black; the body of late been ufed in rheumatic and gouty diforders. ARCTOPHYLAX, a cohfteUation, otherwife called is alb-coloured; the prime feathers of the tail are ragged. It is a native of Europe and Africa. It. Bootes. See Bootes. ARCTOPUS, in botany, a genus of the polygamia di- v/inters in Lithuania, Padolia : Trans Pontum fugat ceeia claf®. The umbella of the male is compound ; et terris immittit apricis. Virg. This bird comthe involucrum con fids of Eve leaves; the-corolla has monly reds upon' one foot. 5. The americana, or five petals; the ftamina are -five; and two pidils: hooping crane of Edwards, is a native of America: The umbella. of the hermaphrodite is fimple ; the in- The crown of the head and temples are naked and volucrum is divided into-four parts, is fpintms,-.Targe; papilious; the forehead, nape of the neck, and prime wing-