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 API api (a i ) the anus or tail of the females and working bees, which of which are inhabitants of particular plants; and are fex, there is a hidden fling. Linnasus enumefrom this circumftance their trivial names are taken; ratesofnono lefs than jy fpedes of the apis, viz. 1. The as aphis ribis, ulmi, rofae, fee. longtcornis, or hairy yellow bee, with thread-like feelAPHORISM, a maxim, or principle, of a fcience; or ers, about the length of its body. 2. The tumulorum; a fentence which comprehends a great deal in a few or black bee, with yellow feet and jaws, and threadwords. feelers, about the length of the body. 3. The claAPHRATIC, in the maritime affairs of the ancients, like vicornis, or black bee, with clavated feelers, about the were open veffels, without any decks. of its body, and two yellow belts round the belly. APHRODISIA, in antiquity, feftivals kept in honour length 4. The centuncularis, or black bee, having its belly coof Venus, the moft remarkable of which was that ce- vered with yellow down. The nefts of this fpecies are lebrated by the Cyprians. of rofe-leaves curioufly plaited in the form of a APHRODISIACS, among phyficiaos, medicines which made or quilt. 5. The cineraria, or black bee, with a incr'eafe the quantity of feed, and create an inclination matt white hairy breaft, and a greenifh belt round the belly. to venery. APHRODITA, in zoology, an infeH of the order of The above five fpecies are all natives of Europe. 6. The is a brownilh bee, with bluifh wings, and vevermes mollufca. The body of the aphrodita is oval, rymexicana, It is a native of America. 7. The catbonawith many fmall tentacula or protuberances on each large. or reddifh bee, with darkifh green wings ; it is about fide, which lerve as fo many feet: The mouth is cy- ria, lyndrical, at one end of the body,, and capable of be- the fize of the mellefica, or common honey-bee, and is ing retraced, with two briffly tentacula. There are Found in Africa. 8. The retufa, or black bee, has its four fpecies of this infedt, viz. i. The aculeata, with legs covered with down. 9. The rufa, or brownifh bee, q2 tentacula, or feet, an inhabitant of the European with a white front and duiky belly. 10. The bicornis> two horns on its front, a black head, and a hairy feas. See Plate XXII. fig. 4. This figure is taken has from the life. It was found on the fhore of the frith of belly. 11. The maxillofa, or black bee, with promiForth, about a mile eaft from' Leith, by Dr Letfom, nent jaws, fhort feelers, and a cylindrical belly, covered and by him communicated to the proprietors of this with a yellow down. 12. The truncorum, or black work. Johnflon, Seba, and other authors, have given fmooth bee, with a white hairy front, and a yellow belfigures of the aphrodita; but they are not fo accurate ly edged with white. 13. The florifomnis, or black as could be wiflied. 2. The fcabra, of an oblong bee, with a cylindrical incurvated belly, having two lhape, fcabrous on the back, with about 20 tentacula. tooth-like protuberances at the anus, and a kind of 3. The fquaraata, with 24 feet, andfealy on the back. prickles on the hind-legs. This bee,fleeps in flowers. 4. The imbricata, is very like the former, only its 14. The dentata, or fhining green bee, with black wings, and a kind of teeth on the hind thighs. The feales are more glabrous. APHRODITES, the fame with gemma veneris. See tongue of this bee is almoft as long as its body. The Gemma. nine laft fpecies are all natives of Europe. 15. The APHRONITRE, in natural hiftory, a name given by cordata, or Ihimng green bee, with a belly fliaped like athe ancients to a particular kind of natrum. heart, and wings of a glafs-colour. It is a native of APHTHfE, in medicine, fmall, round, and fuperficial the Indies.. 16'. The helvola, is an oblong reddiih bee,, ulcers arifing in the mouth. The principal feat of ■with a white belly. 17. The fabriciana, or black bee, this difeafe, is the extremity of the excretory veffels, with an iron-coloured belly, and two yellow fpots. falival glands, and, in fhort, all glands that furnifh a 18. The fuccindta, has a yellow hairy breaft, a black humour like the faliva, as the lips, gums, fee. belly, and four white belts. The laft three are natives' APHUA cobites, in ichthyology. See Gobi us. of Europe. 19. The zonata, is browniih and hairy, 'APHYLLANTHES, or Blue Montpelier Pink, in bo- with four bluilh belts on the belly. It is a native of the tany, a genus of the hexandria monogynia clafs. There Indies. 20. The senea, is hairy, and of a copper colour. is but one fpecies, viz. the monfpelienfis, which grows 21. The casrulefcens, is brownilh and hairy, with a in the high grounds near Montpelier. It is extreme- greenifli belly, margined with white indentations. ly like the juncus, only the flower has a corolla. 22.The viellefica, or honey-bee, is furnilhed with dowAPIARY, a place where bees are kept. ny hairs, a dulky-coloured breaft, and brownirh belly; the APIASTELLUM, or Apiastrum, in botany. See tibias of the hind-legs are ciliated, and tranfverfely llreakMelissa. on the infide. Each foot of this- bee terminates in two APIASTER, in ornithology, the trivial name of a fpe- edhooks, with their points oppofite to each other; in the midcies of the merops. See Merops. dle of thefe hooks there is a little thin appendix, which, APICES, in botany, the fame with antherae. See An- when unfolded, enables the bees to faften themfelves to* therse. glafs or the moft polilhed bodies. This part they hkewife APIOS, it botany. See Glycine. employ for colledting the fmall particles of wax whiclv APIS, or the Bee, in zoology, a genus of infedts belongs they find upon flowers, and for tranfmitting them to the ing tp the order of infedta hymenoptera. The mouth joint of the two hinder feet, in which there is is furnilhed with two jaws, and a probofeis infolded in middlemoft a little cavity, in the lhape of a narrow fpoon, furrounded a- double fheath ; the wings are four in number, the by a number of hairs. When they have loaded their two foremoft covering thbfe behind when at reft: In. thighs with wax, they immediately carry it off to the hive..