Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, first edition - Volume I, A-B.pdf/380

 A P H APE (3: ,0 ) ANWEILLER, a fmall city of France,, in the Lower APENZEL, a town of Switzerland, capital of the canAlface, upon the river Queich. ton of the fame name, and fituated in 9° E. long, ANZAR, a city of TurquSian, near Catai, where Ta- and 47° 30' N. lat. merlane died. APEPSY, in medicine, denotes crudity, or a bad digeANZERMA, a town of S. America, in the kingdom0 gefiion. of Popajan, upon0 the river Cauca, fituated in 47 APER, in zoology, a fynonime of the fus ferofa. See W. Long, and 4 S. lat. Sus. ANZUGUI, a town in the ifland of Japan, upon the Aper is likewife a trivial name of a fpecies of Zeas* bay of Mecao. . See Zeus. AONIDES, in mythology, one of the many appella- APERIENTS, in the materia medica, an appellation tions of the mufes, fo called from Aonia, a part of given to fuch medicines as facilitate the circulation of ancient Bceotia. the humours by removing obftruftions. AORIST, among grammarians,, a tenfe peculiar to the The five greater aperient roots of the {hops are Greek language, comprehending all the tenfes, or fmallage, fennel, afparagus, parlley, and butcher’s rather exprefling an action in an indeterminate man- broom; as the five lefier ones are grafs, madder, ener, without any regard to part, prefent, or future. ryngo, capers, and chammoc. AOUST, a town of Piedmont in Italy, capital of the APERTURE, the opening of any thing, or a hole or duchy of the fame0 name, fituated about0 50 miles • cleft in any continuous fubjefr. north of Turin, in 7 ic/ E.long. and 45 45' N, lat. Aperture, in geometry, the fpaee between two right APAGOGICAL Demonftration, an indirect way of' lines which meet in a point and form an angle. proof, by fliewing the abfurdity of the contrary. Aperture, in optics, a round hole in a turned bit of APALACHIAN Mountains, a ridge of mountains of wood or plate of tin, placed within the fide of a teleN. America, lying weftward of die Britifh plantations, fcope or microfcope, near to the o-bjeft-glafs, by means and extending from 30° to 40° N. lat. of which more rays are admitted, and a more diftinft APAMEA, or Hama, a town of Syria, fituated on the appearance of the objeA is obtained. river Orontes, in 38° 30/ E. long, and 340 N. lat. Apertures, opApertions, in archite£i:ure, areufeeb Apamea is alfo the name of a town of Pli^gia,. upon to fignify doors, windows, chimneys, &c. the river Marfyas; of a town of Midia, confining up- APERTURA tahularurn, in law-books, the breakingon Parthia; and of a town of Bithynia, called by the open a laft will and teftament. Turks Myrlea. Apertura feudi, in the civil law, fignifies the lofs of APANAGE, or Apennage, in the French cufloms, a feudal tenure, by default of iffue to him to whom lands afligned by a fovereign for the fubfiftence of his the feud was firit granted. younger 1'ons, which revert to the crown upon the fail- APETALOSE, or Apetalous, among botanifis, an ure of male ifliie in that branch to which the lands are appellation given to fuch plants as have no flowergranted. leaves. APARINE, in botany, a fynonime of the utricularia APEX, in antiquity, the creft of a helmet, but more and feveral other plants. efpecially a kind of cap worn by the flamens. APATHY, a term in philofophy, denoting an utter pri- Apex, among grammarians, denotes the mark of a longvation of paffion, and an infenfibility of pain. Thus fyllable, falfely called along accent. the Stoics affe&ed an entire apathy, fo as not to be APHACA, in botany, a fynonime of the lathyrus. See ruffled, or fenfible of pleafure or pain. Lathyrus. APATIZATIO, a law-term, fignifying an agreement. APHALRESIS, in grammar, a figure by which a letterAPATURIA, in Grecian antiquity, an Athenian fefti- or fyllable is cut off from the beginning of a word.. val, kept in honour of Bacchus. It was during this Aph^eresis, that part of forgery which teaches to take folemnity that the young people were regiftered in the away foperfluities. refpeftive wards of their-fathers. APHANES, in botany, a genus of the tetrandria digyAPE, the Engliih. name of the fimia or monkey. See nia? clafs.. The calix is divided into eight parts; it Simia. has no corolla • and has two naked feeds. There is APELITES, Chriftian heretics in the fecond century, only one fpecies of aphanes, viz. the arvenfis*. or purwho affirmed that Chrift received a body from the four fley-piert, a native of Britain. elements, which at his death he rendered back to the or Aphelion, in altronomy, is that world, and fo afeended into heaven without a body. APHELIUM, point in any planet’s orbit, in which it is furtheft: diAPENE, in a-ntiquity, the" chariot in which the images llant from the fun, being that end of the greater axis of the gods were carried on folemn occafions. of the elliptical orbit of the planet molt remote from APENNAGE, in the French cuftoms. See Apanage. the focus where the fun is. APENNINE, a vaft ridge of mountains, which runs APHIS, in zoology, a genus of infefts belonging to the through the middle of all Italy, from Savona, te the order of infefta hemiptera. The roftrum or beak of very {freight that feparates Italy from Sicily. the aphis is infledted; the antennae or feelers are longAPENRADE, a town of Slefwic, or S. Jutland, fitu- er than the thorax; it has four eredt wings; the feet ated on a bay of the Baltic fea, in t.G° E. long, and are of the ambulatory kind; and the belly often ends '55° N. lat. in two horns. There are 33 fpecies of the aphis, all o£