Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, first edition - Volume I, A-B.pdf/362

 ANCZAKRICH, a river or Podoiia, which falls info the Black Sea, near Oczakow. ANDABATiE, in antiquity, a fort of gladiators who, mounted on hdrfeback or in chariots, fought hood• winked, having a helmet that cover.ed their eyes. ANDALUSIA, the molt fouth-weft province of Spain, having Eftremadura and New Caftile on the north; and Granada, the Straits of Gibraltar, and the Atlantic Ocean, on the fouth. New Andalusia, a province of Terra Firma, lying on the coaft of the Atlantic Ocean, oppofite to the Leeward iflands, having the river Oroonoco on the weft. ANDAMAN, the name of fome frnall iflands fituated on the eaft fide0 pf the entrance 0of the bay of Bengal, in E. long. 92, andN. lat. 15. ANDANAGAR, a town of the peninfula in India, on this fide the Ganges, in the kingdom of Decan. ANDANCE, a town of Languedoc in France, fituated near the confluence of the Rhone and the Dome. AND ANTI, in mufic, fignifies, efpecially in thoroughbafles, that the notes are to be played diftindtly. ANDAYE, a town in France, upon the Spanifh frontiers, within two leagues of St Jean de Luz. ANDELI, a town of Normandy in France, fituated upon the Seine, between Paris and Rouen. ANDENA, in old writers, denotes the fwath made in mowing of hay, or as much ground as a m^n could ftride over at once. ANDENES, an ifland in the north fea, upon the coaft of Norway. It is only inhabited by fifhermen. ANDERENzE fal, a name fometimes ufed for the natrum of the ancients. JSee Natrum. ANDERLECHT, a fortrefs of the Auftrian Netherlands, about two miles fouth of Bruflels. ANDERNACHT, a city of 0Germany, fituated on7 the Lower Rhine, in E. long. 7, and N. lat. 50° aj , about 30 miles fouth of Cologne. ANDERO, a fea-port town of Spain, in the province of Blfcay, about fixty mijes weft of Bilboa, fituated in W. long. 40 30', and N. lat. 43 0 20'. Here the Spaniards build and lay up fome of their men of war. ANDES, a vaft ridge of mountains which runs almoft the whole length of S. America. . They are efteemed the higbeft in the world, being covered with fnow in the warmeftclimates; and from thence called the Sierras Nivada, or the fnonvy mountains. ANDEiVALLO, a fmall country of Spain, in Andalufia, upon the frontiers of Portugal and Spanifh Edre■ madura. ANDEU.SE, a0 city of Languedoc in0 France, fituated in E. long. 3 40', and N. lat. 43 45'. ANDORINHA, in ornithology, an obfolete name of the hirunda. See Hirunda. ANDOVER, a large market-town in Hampfhire, fituated about ten miles north-weft of Wincbefter, in W. long. i° 30', and N. lat. 510 20'. It fends two members to parliament. ANDRACHNE, in botany, 4 genus of the monoecia gynandiia clafs. The calix of the male confifts of live leaves ; the corolla has five petals; and the ftamina, which are alfo five in number, are inferred into

) AND the ftylus. The calix of the female is divided into five leaves; it has no corolla; the ftyli are. three'; the capfule is trilocular, c#.itaining two feeds. There are only two fpecies of the andrachne,' viz. the telepheoides, a native of Italy; and the fruticofa, a native of China. ANDREJOS, a town fituated near the Borifthenes, between Mufcovy and Poland. ANDREW, or, Knights of St Andrew, an order of knights, more ufually called the order of the thiftle. SccThistle. Knights of St A n d r e w is alfo an order inftituted by Peter the Great of Mufcovy in 1698 ; the badge of which is a golden medal, on one fide whereof is reprefented St Andrew’s crofs, with thefe words, Cazar Pierre monarque de tout la Ruffle. This medal, being faftened to a blue ribbon, is fufpended from the right Ihoulder. Yf Andrew’/ crofs, one in form of the letter X. See Cross. St ANDREw’s-<&ry, a feftival of the Chriftian church, celebrated on the thirteenth of November, in honour of the apoftje St Andrew. St Andrews, in geography, a town in the county of Fife in Scotland, fituated on the German Ocean, in W. long. 20 2 J7, and N. lat. 56° 207, about 30 miles N. E. of Edinburgh. St Andrews was formerly an archbifliop’s fee, but at prefent is chiefly remarkable on account of its univerfity. St Andrews is alfo the name of a town of Carinthia in Germany, fituated in E. long. 150, and N. lat. 470, about a hundred miles fouth of Vienna. ANDRIA, in Grecian antiquity, public entertainments fiift inftituted by Minos of Crete, and, after his example, appointed by Lycurgus at Sparta, at which a whole city or a tribe affifted. They were managed with the utmoft frugality, and perfons of all ages were admitted, the younger fort being obliged by the lawgiver to repair thither, as to fchools of temperance and fobriety. Andria, among fome naturalifts, denotes an hermaphroditical woman. See Hermaphrodite. Andria, in geography, a town of Italy,0 in the kingdom0 of7 Naples, fituated in E. long. J7, and N. lat. 41 6. It is a bifhop’s fee. ANDROAS, or Androdamas, among ancient naturalifts, a kind of pyritse, to which they attributed certain magical virtues. ANDROGYNOUS, in zoology, an appellation given to animals which have both the male and female fex in the fame individual. Androgynous baths, in antiquity, thofe common to both fexes. See Bath. ANDROIDES, in mechanics, a human figure, which, by certain fprings, performs feveral external fundtions of a man. See Automaton. ANDROLEPSY, in Grecian antiquity, an adlion allowed by the Athenians againft fuch as protedled perfons guilty of murder. The relations of the deceafed were empowered to feize three men in the city or houfe whither the malefadtor had fled, till he either were