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 ALT ( 128 ) ALT Altemburg is alfo ufed by ibme for Altenburg. See There are three fpecies of this genus, viz, the offiAltenburg. cinalis, a native of Britain, the root and leaves of ALTENA, a port-town of-Holftein, in Germany, fitu- which are fup’pofed to be balfamic, pectoral and floted on the river Elbe. It belongs to the Dane§, and machic ; the cannabina, a native of Hungary; and is the place where all their Ead India goods are fold. the hirfuta, a native of France, Italy, fee. ALTENBURG, a town of Mifnia, in the upper Sax- ALTINGAR, the name of a flux-powder, ufed in the ony, about 25 miles S. of Leipiic, and0fubjedt to the fufion of metals. - See Flux, and Chemistry, duke.of Saxe Altenburg. E. long. 12 44', N. lat. ALTIN, a kingdom of Afia, in great Tartary, between the fources of the Irtich and the Oby. It is 50° 52'. ALTENBURG-OWAR, a fortified town of lower bounded on the north by the Kirgifes, on the eafl by Hungary, fituated on the river Danube, the Amaduners, on the fouth by the kingdom of 0 and fubjedt to the houfe of Auftria. E. long. 17 20^, N. lat. 48° Eluth, and on the. weft by the Irtich, which feparates it from Barabinfkoi. 1 s'- ALTENSPACH, a city of Germany, in the circle of Altin, is alfo the capital of the kingdom of that name, Swabia, fituated between the lakes of Conftance and fituated in the northern part of the kingdom, at the Zeill. head of the river Kilam. ALTERANTS, or Alterative medicines, fuch as Altin, in commerce, a kind of money current in Mufcorredt the bad qualities of the blood and other hu- covy, worth three copies. mours, without occafioning any fenfible evacuation. ALTITH. See Asa-foetida. ALTERATE, in mulic and geometry. See Sesqui. ALTITUDE, acceffible, and inacceffible. See PracALTERATION, in a general fenfe, denotes fome va- tical Geometry. riation in the qualities or circumftances of a thing, Altitude, of a figure, is the neareft diflance of its vertex from its bafe, or the length of a perpendicular without wholly changing its nature. Alteration, in medicine, is particularly ufed to de- let fall from the vertex to the bafe. note the adtion of alterant medicines. See Alte- Altitude in optics, is the height of an objeft above A line, drawn parallel to the horizon from the eye of the rants. ALTERCUM, in botany, an obfolete name of the obferver. Hyofciamus. See Hyosciamus. Altitude of the eye, in perfpe&ive, is its perpendicuALTERDOCHAON, a town of Portugal, in Eftre- lar height above the geometrical plane. Altitude of a ftar, &c. in aftronomy, is an arch of madura, three leagues S. W. of Portalegre. ALTERITY, a term ufed by fome philofophers for a vertical circle, intercepted between the ftar and what is more ufually called diverfity. See Diver- the horizon. See Astronomy. sity. Altitude of motion, according to Dr Wallis, is its ALTERN-BASE, in trigonometry, a term ufed in meafure eftimated in the line of direction of the moving contradiftindlion to the true bafe. Thus in oblique force. triangles, the true bafe is either the fum of the fides, Altitude, in aftrology. See Exaltation. and then the difference of the fides isealled the altern- Altitude of fluids, ee is more ufually expreffed by the bafe; or the true bafe is the difference of the fides, term depth. S Depth. and then the fum of the fides is called the altem^ Determinative Altitude, that from whence a heavy body falling, acquires a certain velocity by its natural bafe. ALTERNATE,- in a general fenfe, a term applied to acceleration. on fuch perfons or things as fucceed each other by turns. ALTKIRK, a town of Alface in Germany, fituated Thus, two who command each his day, are faid to the river 111, in N. lat. 47° 4c/, and E. Ion. 70 if. have an alternate command, or to command alter- ALTMORE. a town of Ireland, in the county of Ty-0 rone, and province of Ulfter, fituated in N. lat. 54 nately. Alternate, in heraldry, is faid in refpedl of the fitu- 34', and W. long. 70 2 . ation of the quarters. ALTMUL, a river of Germany, which arifing in FranThus the firft and fourth quarters, and the fecond conia, runs S. E. by the city of Anfpach ; and contiand third, are ufually of the fame nature, and are call- nuing its courfe E. by Pappenheim and Aichftet, falls into the Danube at Kelheim, about 12 miles above ed alternate quarters. Alternate, in botany, when the leaves or branches of Ratilbon. ALTO, and Basso, inlaw, denotes the abfolute fubplants arife higher on oppofite fides alternately. miflion of all differences high and low to fome arbiAlternate angles. See Geometry. Alternate ratio. See Algebra, and Arithme- trator. ALTOM, a name given, in feveral parts of the Turkifh tic. ALTERNATION, properly fignifies a fucceffion by dominions, to what the Europeans call a fequin. See Sequin. turns. See Alternate. ALTHAEA, in botany, a genus of the monadelphia po- ALTO-MONTE, a town of the hither Calabria, in the lyandria clafs. The calix of the althaea is double, and kingdom of Naples, at the foot of the Apennines, ten the outer one is divided into nine fegments; and the miles from Caffano. capfules are numerous, each containing but one feed. ALTO-RELIEVO. See Relievo. ALTO-