Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, first edition - Volume I, A-B.pdf/16

 ome ornament, as a roe or other flower. Scammozzi ues abacus for a concave moulding on the capital of the Tucan pedetal; and Palladio calls the plinth above the echinus, or boultin, in the Tucan and Doric orders, by the ame name. See plate 1. fig. 1. and.

is alo the name of an ancient intrument facilitating operations in arithmetic. It is variously contrived. That chiefly ued in Europe is made by drawing any number of parallel lines at the ditance of two diameters of one of the counters ued in the calculation. A counter placed on the lowet line, ignifies 1; on the 2d, 10; on the 3d, 100; on the 4th, 1000, &c. In the intermediate paces, the ame counters are etimated at one half of the value of the line immediately uperior, viz. between the 1t and 2d, 5; between the 2d and 3d, 50, &c. See plate 1. fig. 2. A B, where the ame number, 1768 for example, is repreented under both by different dipoitions of the counters.

harmonicus, among muicians, the arrangement of the keys of a muical intrument.

logiticus, a right-angled triangle, whoe ides forming the right angle contain the numbers from 1 to 60, and its area the facta of every two of the numbers perpendicularly oppoite. This is alo called a cannon of exageimals.

Pythagoricus, the multiplication-table, or any table of numbers that facilitates operations in arithmetic.  ABADAN, a town of Peria, ituated near the mouth of the Tygris.  ABADDON, from abad, to detroy; a name given by St John, in the Revelations, to the king of the locuts.  ABADIR, a title which the Carthaginians gave to gods of the fit order. In the Roman mythology, it is the name of a tone which Saturn wallowed, believing it to be his new-born on Jupiter: hence it became the object of religious worhip.  ABÆRE, a town in the dearts of Arabia.  ABAFT, a ea-term, ignifying towards the tern: for intance, abaft the mizzen-mat, implies, that the object is between the mizzen-mat and the tern.  ABAI, in botany, a ynonime of the calycanthus præcox, a genus of plants belonging to the icoandria polygynia clas of Linnæus. See.  ABAISSE. See. <section end="Abaisse" /> <section begin="Abalienation" />ABALIENATION. See. <section end="Abalienation" /> <section begin="Abanbo" />ABANBO, a river of Ethiopia which falls into the Nile. <section end="Abanbo" /> <section begin="Abancai" />ABANCAI, or, a town and river of Peru, in the ditrict of Lima. <section end="Abancai" /> <section begin="Abano" />ABANO, a mall town in Italy, ubject to Venice, and ituated five miles outh-wet of Padua. <section end="Abano" /> <section begin="Abaptiston" />ABAPTISTON, or, an obolete term for the chirurgical intrument called a trepan. See, and Trepan. <section end="Abaptiston" /> <section begin="Abarca" />ABARCA, a hoe made of raw hides, formerly worn by the peaants in Spain. <section end="Abarca" /> <section begin="Abarticulation" />ABARTICULATION, in anatomy, a pecies of articulation which is now termed diarthrois. See, Part I. and Diarthrois. <section end="Abarticulation" /> <section begin="Abas" />ABAS, a weight ued in Peria for weighing pearls. It is 1-8th les than the European carat. <section end="Abas" /> <section begin="Abascia" />ABASCIA, the country of the Alcas. See. <section end="Abascia" /> <section begin="Abaised" />ABAISED, Abaie, in heraldry, an epithet applied to the wings of eagles, &c. when the tip looks downwards to the point of the hield, or when the wings are hut; the natural way of bearing them being extended. <section end="Abaised" /> <section begin="Abasing" />ABASING, in the ea-languages, ignifies the ame as triking. <section end="Abasing" /> <section begin="Abassi" />ABASSI, or, a ilver coin current in Peria, equivalent in value to French livre or tenpence half-penny Sterling. It took its name from Schaw Abas II. king of Persia, under whom it was truck. <section end="Abassi" /> <section begin="Abatamentum" />ABATAMENTUM, in law, is an entry to lands by interpoition, i.e. when a peron dies eized, and another who has no right enters before the heir. <section end="Abatamentum" /> <section begin="Abate" />ABATE, from abatre, to detroy; a term ued by the writers of the common law, both in an active and neutral ene; as, to abate a catle, is to detroy or beat it down; to abate a writ, is, by ome exception to render it null and void.

, in the manage, implies the performance of any downward motion properly. Hence a hore is aid to abate, or take down his curvets, when he puts both his hind-legs to the ground at once, and oberves the ame exactnes in all the times. <section end="Abate" /> <section begin="Abatement" />ABATEMENT, in heraldry, implies omething added to a coat of arms to leen its dignity, and point out ome imperfection or tain in the character of its wearer.

, in law. See.

, in commerce, ignifies an allowance or dicount in the price of certain commodities, in conideration of prompt payment; a diminution in the tipulated quantity or quality of goods, or some such circumtance.

, in the cutoms, an allowance made upon the duty of goods, when the quantum damaged is determined by the judgment of two merchants upon oath, and acertained by a certificate from the urveyor and land-waiter. <section end="Abatement" /> <section begin="Abatis" />ABATIS, an ancient term for the officer of the tables. <section end="Abatis" /> <section begin="Abator" />ABATOR, in law, a term applied to a peron who enters to a houe or lands, void by the death of the lat poeor, before the true heir. <section end="Abator" /> <section begin="Abavo" />ABAVO, in botany, a ynonime of the adanonia, a hrub belonging to the monadelphia polyandria of Linnæus. See. <section end="Abavo" /> <section begin="Abayance" />ABAYANCE. See. <section end="Abayance" /> <section begin="Abb" />ABB, a term, among clothiers, applied to the yarn of a weaver's warp. They also say Abb-wool in the ame ene. <section end="Abb" /> <section begin="Abba" />ABBA, in the Syriac and Chaldee languages, literally ignifies a father; and figuratively, a uperior, reputed as a father in repect of age, dignity, or affection. It is alo a Jewish title of honour given to ome of the clas called Tanaites. <section end="Abba" /> <section begin="Abbat" />ABBAT. See. <section end="Abbat" /> <section begin="Abbatis" />ABBATIS. See. <section end="Abbatis" /> <section begin="Abbeford" />ABBEFORD, a ea-port town in Norway, in 58. 44. N. lat. <section end="Abbeford" /> <section begin="Abbess" />ABBESS, the uperior of an abbey or convent of nuns, over whom he has the same authority as the abbots over the monks. Their ex indeed hinders them from per-<section end="Abbess" /> forming