Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 9.djvu/373

Rh Fernan Caballero; for Brittany to Villemarqué; for Iceland to Powell and Magnusson among others; for Eskimo tales to Rink. Radloff has dealt with the folk literature of the Turkish races of south Siberia; and a volume of Kalmuck and Mongolian Traditionary Tales was published in 1873. For Corea, see Ballet (Église de la Corée, 1874); for China, the works of Boolittle and Dennys; for Dardistan, Leitner; and for Southern Africa, the Zulu Nursery Tales, by Rev. Henry Callaway, M.D. (1866), and the Hottentot Fables and Tales of Dr Bleek (1864). For American folk-lore, see Brinton's Myths of the New World, and Bancroft's Races of the Pacific. The works of Sir John Lubbock, and Messrs Herbert Spencer, Tylor, M‘Lennan, and Morgan deal largely with the folk-lore of various savage tribes. As bearing upon the general subject of comparative mythology, see the works of Kuhn, especially his Herabkunft des Feuers und des Göttertranks (1859); Bastian (Der Mensch in der Geschichte); Roth (Ueber den Mythus von den fünf Menschengeschlechtern); Max Müller (Lectures on Science of Language, 2d series, and Chips from a German Workshop, vol. ii.); M. Michel Bréal (Hercule et Cacus, Étude de mythologie comparée, and Le Mythe d'Œdipe); Husson (La Chaine Traditionelle, Contes et Légendes au point de vue Mythique, 1874); Fiske (Myths and Myth-makers, 1873); and Gubernatis (Zoological Mythology, 1872).

 FOLLEN, (or, as he afterwards called himself,  (1794–1855), a German poet, was born at Giessen in Hesse-Cassel, January 21, 1794. He studied theology at Giessen and law at Heidelberg, and after leaving college edited the Elberfeld Allgemeine Zeitung. For connexion, real or supposed, with some radical plots, he was imprisoned for two years at Berlin. When released in 1821 he went to Switzerland, where he taught in the canton school at Aarau, farmed from 1847 to 1854 the estate of Liebenfels in Thurgau, and then retired to Bern, where he lived till his death (26th December 1855). Besides a number of minor poems he wrote Harfengrüsse aus Deutschland und der Schweiz (1823), and Malegys und Vivian (1829), a knightly romance after the fashion of the romantic school, edited parts of Tristan und Isolde and the Niebelungenlied, translated the Homeric Hymns in company with R. Schwenck (Giessen, 1814), Tasso's Jerusalem Delivered (1818), and a collection of Latin hymns and sacred poetry (Elberfeld, 1819). In 1846 he published a brief collection of sonnets entitled An die Gottlosen Nichts-Wütheriche. This was aimed at Ruge, and was the occasion of a literary duel between the two authors. Follen's posthumous poem Tristan's Aeltern (Giessen, 1857) may also be mentioned, but his best-known work is a well-executed collection of German poetry entitled Bildersaal Deutscher Dichtung (2 vols., 1827).  FOLLEN, (1796–1840) brother of the, was born at Romrod, in Hesse-Darmstadt, September 4, 1796. He studied theology and law at Geissen, where he acted for some time as privatdocent. His liberal sentiments and writings, and the part he took in the defence of popular rights, made him obnoxious to the Government of his own province. He accordingly went to Jena to lecture there, but the assassination of Kotzebue by Sand happened almost immediately after his arrival, and the Government believed or affected to believe that Follen was an accomplice. The inquiries that were made conclusively proved his innocence, but notwithstanding this he found it necessary to remove to Switzerland, where he taught in the cantonal school of the Grisons at Chur, and at the university of Basel. Whilst thus engaged the Prussian Government demanded his surrender as a political prisoner. Twice the Government of Basel refused, but the third request was so peremptory that they were unwillingly preparing to comply, when Follen saved himself by a hurried flight. In the beginning of 1825 he arrived in the United States, and was employed for the next ten years in teaching ecclesiastical history, ethics, and the German language and literature at Harvard College. He then acted as Unitarian clergyman at New York and East Lexington. He perished, along with 175 fellow-travellers, at the burning of the steamship “Lexington,” in Long

Island Sound, January 13, 1840. Follen was the author of several very celebrated and popular songs written in the interests of liberty. The best is perhaps the Bundeslied, beginning “Brause du Freiheitssang.” It is certainly one of the most spirited odes in modern German lyric poetry. Whilst in America Follen wrote a German grammar and reader. His wife Eliza Lee (1787–1860), an American authoress of some reputation, published after his death his lectures and sermons, with a biography written by herself (5 vols., Boston, 1841).  FOLLETT, (1798–1845), attorney-general of England, was born at Topsham in Devonshire, December 2, 1798. He was the son of Captain Benjamin Follett, who had retired from the army in 1790, and engaged in business at Topsham. His mother was an Irish lady of Kinsale. The early indications which he gave of superior abilities induced his father to bring him up for the bar. He received his early education at Exeter grammar-school, of which Dr Lempriere, author of the well-known Classical Dictionary, was then head-master. After a short course of study under a private tutor, he entered, in 1814, Trinity College, Cambridge, and two years later the Inner Temple. In 1818 he took his degree of B.A. without academical honours, and the same year settled in London, becoming a pupil of Godfrey Sykes and Robert Bayley, two of the most eminent special pleaders of the day. He began to practise as a pleader below the bar in 1821, was called to the bar in 1824, and joined the western circuit in 1825. At the very outset his great qualifications were universally recognized, and his rapid rise was assured. He was thoroughly master of his profession, having devoted himself to it with exclusive zeal; and with remarkable quickness of perception he combined a solidity and ripeness of judgment such as are rarely seen in one so young. The statements current soon after his death as to the frequent interruption of his studies by ill health are emphatically contradicted by Lord Brougham. His rapid and continuous success was owing not only to his unquestionable superiority, but to his singular courtesy, kindness, and sweetness of temper. In 1830 he married the eldest daughter of Sir Ambrose Harding Gifford, chief justice of Ceylon. His reputation in Westminster Hall being solidly established, he sought in 1832 an entrance into parliament, and offered himself as candidate for the city of Exeter on the Conservative side. On this occasion he failed; but in 1835 he was returned for the same city at the head of the poll. In parliament he early succeeded in gaining the ear of the house, and attained a position of high distinction. Under the first administration of Sir Robert Peel, Follett was appointed solicitor-general (November 1834), but resigned with the ministry in April 1835. In the course of this year he was knighted. On the return of Peel to power in 1841 Sir William was again appointed solicitor-general, and in April 1844 he succeeded Sir Frederick Pollock as attorney-general. But his health, which had begun to fail him in 1838, and had been permanently injured by a severe illness in 1841, now broke down, and he was compelled to relinquish practice and to visit the south of Europe. He returned to England in March 1845; but the disease, consumption, reasserted itself, and he died in London on the 28th of June following. His death was mourned as a loss not only to the profession but to his country, and the public esteem for his character was marked by the attendance at his funeral in the Temple Church of many distinguished persons, the lord chancellor, the first lord of the treasury, and the chief justice of the common pleas being among the pall-bearers. A noble statue of Follett, executed by Behnes, was erected by subscription in St Paul's cathedral. (See Brougham's notice of Follett, Works, vol. iv.) 