Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 9.djvu/349

Rh The following year Victor Emmanuel entered Florence, which in 1865 became the capital of his kingdom of Italy. It was not until 1870 that the hopes of the Florentines were disappointed, and the seat of government was transferred to Rome.

1em (undefined)  FLORENCE, of, an r who lived during the and. Nothing more is known of him than that he was a of, that he had a great reputation for , and that he died on the 5th. His Chronicle begins with the of the  and ends with the. The earlier part is compiled from the Chronicle of Marianus Scotus, and the greater part of that which relates to is a translation from the Saxon Chronicle; but as he approaches  the independent value of his work increases, and in regard to contemporary events he is one of the most valuable of existing authorities. The Chronicle of Florence was continued from to  by an anonymous writer.

1em  FLORES, also called and, an of the  belonging to the  of. It lies in a with  between  on the west and  on the east, and stretches from 8° 3′ to 9° 59′S. , and from 119° 49′ to 123° 1′E. It is about 230 s long, and from 20 to 40 broad, and its is estimated at about 8900  s. Like most of the s of the, it is both ous and , among the loftier summits being Ombuu Romba or Gunong Keo, 9054  in height; Lobetabi or, in a corrupted form, Lovotivo, 7115; Ombuu Soro or Gunong Rokka, 6557; and Larantuka or Ilimandiri, 5180. The interior is very partially explored, though the s are neither so dense nor so extensive as in or. Besides, which is found on the , the products consist of , , , and a little  and. ,, wild , and s’ s are the most important articles of , giving rise to a considerable with , , , and. The inhabitants are mainly of origin, and the  appears to be akin to that of. There are considerable s of and. lays claim to certain portions of the, but practically it is all under supremacy. has been introduced by the on the east, and the  are visited from time to time by s from.

1em  FLORES, the most westerly of the. See.  FLOREZ, (1701–1773), a Spanish historical scholar, was born at Valladolid in 1701. In his fifteenth year he entered the order of St Augustine, professed theology at the university of Alcala, and published a Cursus Theologiæ in 5 vols. 4to (1732–1738). He afterwards devoted himself exclusively to historical studies. Of these the first fruit was his Clave Historial, a work of the same class as the French Art de Vérifier les Dates, and preceding it by several s. It appeared in 1743, and passed through many editions. In 1747 was published the first volume of La España Sagrada, a vast compilation of local ecclesiastical history which obtained a European reputation, and of which 29 volumes appeared in the author’s lifetime. It was continued after his death by Fathers Risco and Fernandez, and further additions have been made at the expense of the Spanish Government. The value of the work is considerably increased by the insertion of ancient chronicles and documents not easily accessible elsewhere. Florez was a good numismatist, and published España Carpetana: Medallas de las Colonias, in 2 vols. 4to (1757–1758). A third volume appeared in 1773. His last work was the Memorias de las reynas Catolicas, 2 vols. 4to (1770). Florez led a retired, studious, and unambitious life, and died at Madrid in May or August 1773.  FLORIAN, the patron saint of Poland, was born at Zeiselmauer, Lower Austria, about. He served as a captain in the Roman army, and suffered death by drowning about, during the persecution of the Christians by the Diocletian. His remains are said to have been buried on the site of the present Augustinian monastery at StFlorian near Linz, but were afterwards transferred to Rome. About a portion of them was presented to King Casimir of Poland, and from  Florian became the patron saint of that country. He is represented as a warrior holding in his hand a vessel from which he pours out flames, and on this account his protection is often sought against fire. His day in the calendar is August4.  FLORIAN, (1755–1794), a French poet and romancist, was born at the chateau of Florian, near Sauve, in that part of Languedoc which now forms the department of Gard. His mother, a Spanish lady named Gilette de Salgues, died when he was quite a child, and the person who seemed to have had most influence on his early s was his grandfather, an old noble who had run through his estate. His uncle, the marquis of Florian, who had married a niece of Voltaire, introduced him at Ferney, and Florianet, as he was soon affectionately nick-named, spent a pleasant time with the old dictator of French literature. In 1768 he became page in the household of the duke of Penthièvre at Anet, and throughout his life he was the object of the powerful patronage of that cultured nobleman. Having studied for some time at the artillery school at Bapaume he obtained from the duke a commission in a dragoon regiment, and in this capacity it is said he displayed a boisterous behaviour as unlike as might be to what the reader of his works would naturally imagine. He afterwards left the army and became gentleman in ordinary. On the breaking out of the French Revolution he retired to Sceaux, but he was soon discovered and dragged to prison by the Parisian sans-culottes; and though his incarceration was not of long continuance, it so injured his health that he survived his release only a few months. His death took place on September 13, 1794. Florian’s first literary efforts took the shape of little comedies; but he first attracted attention by an epistle in verse entitled Voltaire et le serf du Mont Jura and an eclogue called Ruth, which were crowned by the French Academy in 1782 and 1783 respectively. In the latter year he also produced his Galatée, a professed imitation of the Galatea of Cervantes, and this was followed two years later by Numa Pomilius, an equally undisguised imitation of Fenelon’s Télémaque, which as an educational work has proved only less popular than its prototype. In 1788 he became a member of the French Academy and published Estelle, a pastoral of the same class as Galatée, which is reckoned one of the best of his works. Another romance, Gonzalve de Cordove, preceded by an historical notice of the Moors, appeared in 1791, and his famous collection of Fables in 1792. After his death there appeared an unfinished treatment of the story of William Tell, to which he had devoted the leisure of his confinement, and an 