Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 8.djvu/879

Rh F A B F A C 843 Rousseau, and most of the other eminent Frenchmen of that age. He also spent four mouths in London. He died at Pisa 22d September 1803. The following are his principal works : Vitoc Italorum doctrina excellentium qui sceculis XVII. et XVIII. floruerunt, Pisa, 1778- 1799, 1804-1805, 20 vols. 8vo (the last two vols. were published posthumously, and contain a life of the author) ; Laurent ii Medicci Magnifici Vita, Pisa, 1784, 2 vols. 8vo; Leonis X. pontifais maximi Vita, Pisa, 1797 ; and Eloyi di Dante Alighicri, di Angela Poliziano, di Lodovico Ariosto, e di Torq. Tasso, Parma, 1800. FABROT, CHARLES ANNIBAL (1580-1 059), a French jurisconsult, was born at Aix in Provence, 15th September 1580. At an early age he made great progress in the ancient languages and in the civil and the canon law ; and in 1602 he received the degree of doctor of law, and was made avocat to the parlement of Aix. In 1609 he obtained a professorship in the university of his native town. He is best known by his translation of the Basilica, which may be said to have formed the code of the Eastern empire till its destruction. This work was published at Paris in 1647 in 7 vols. fol., and obtained for its author a considerable pension from the chancellor Seguier, to whom it was dedi cated. Fabrot likewise rendered great service to the science of jurisprudence by his edition of Cujas, which comprised several treatises of that great jurist previously unpublished. He also edited the works of several Byzantine historians, and is besides the author of various antiquarian and legal treatises. He died at Paris 16th January 1659. FABYAN, ROBERT, an English chronicler, sprung from an Essex family, is said by Bishop Tanner to have been born in London about the middle of the 15th century. Even the date of his death, 1512, is an inference from that upon which his will was proved, namely, 12th July 1513. The records of the Draper s Company, of which he was a member, might have settled these and other chronological doubts ; but in consequence of the destruction of the company s hall by fire, there are no memoranda of a date earlier than 1 602. All the ascertained details of his life are given in the bio graphical preface to Sir Henry Ellis s admirable edition of Fabyan s Chronicles. From this source we learn that Fabyan was alderman for the ward of Farringdon -Without, and that in 1493 he was appointed to the office of sheriff. In 1502, though he is believed on good grounds to have been very rich, he resigned the former office on the plea of poverty, not wishing probably to be elected to the ex pensive position of Lord Mayor, as he had a very numerous family. Fabyan s Chronicle extends from the time when &quot; Brute entryd firste the He of Albion&quot; to the year 1485. In subsequent editions it was continued by unknown authors to the year 1559. There have been five editions of the work, the first printed in 1516 by Pynsou, the second by Rastell in 1533, the third by Reynes in 1542, the fourth by Kyngeston in 1559. The fifth, in the pre paration of which all the previous editions were compared, was published by Sir Henry Ellis in 1811. For its ex posure of ecclesiastical abuses, Wolsey, it is said, ordered many copies of the first edition to be burnt, hence its scarcity. The second edition was not published until after the cardinal s death. A great merit of the work consists in its details of city government and ceremonial. Wharton, indeed, observes that, in the eyes of the chronicler, a lord mayor of London seemed to be as august a personage as a king of England, and a city company s dinner as important an event as an English victory in France or a constitutional struggle at home. Ellis, it may be added, suggests that the part of the history which may have excited the hostility of Wolsey was an abstract of the Commons Bill, llth year of Henry IV., for the resumption of ecclesiastical property. But the story of the suppression of the first edition ap pears to rest on the uncorroborated assertion of Bayle. In coL 256, vol. i. of Anthony a Wood s At/tence Oxonienscs (Bliss s edition, 4 vols., 1813-1820) there is an entry to the effect that Fabyan was &quot;born in London, bred in grammatical^ and something in logicalls in this university.&quot; In this account it is stated that Fabyan died in February 1511. FACCIOLATI, JACOPO (1682-1769), was born at Torig- gia, in the province of Padua, in 1682. He owed his admission to the seminary of Padua to Cardinal Barberigo, who had formed a high opinion of the boy s talents. As professor of logb, and regent of the schools, Facciolati was the ornament of the Paduan university during a period of forty-five years. He published improved editions of several philological works, such as the Thesaurus Ciceronianus of Nizolius, and the polyglot vocabulary known under the name of Calepino. The latter work, in which he was assisted by his pupil Forcellini, he completed in four years 1715 to 1719. It was written in seven languages, and suggested to the editor the idea of his ojms magnum, the Totius Latinitatis Lexicon, 4 vols. fol., Padua, 1771. In the compilation of this work the chief burden seems to have been borne by Facciolati s pupil Forcellini, to whom, however, the lexicographer allows a very scanty measure of justice, though the work occupied thirty years of his life. Perhaps the best testimony to the learning and industry of the compiler is the well-known observation that the whole body of Latinity, if it were to perish, might be restored from this lexicon. Facciolati s mastery of Latin style, as displayed in his epistles, has been very much admired for its purity and grace. In or about 1739 Facciolati under took the continuation of Papadopoli s history of the university of Padua, carrying it on to his own day, Facciolati was known over all Europe as one of the most enlightened and zealous teachers of the time ; and among the many flattering invitations which he received, but always declined, was one from the king of Portugal, to accept the directorship of a college at Lisbon for the young nobility. He died in 1769. His history of the university was published in 1757, under the name Fasti Gymnasii Patavini. In 1808 a volume containing nine of his Epistles, never before published, was issued at Padua. FACTORS, in mercantile law, are agents entrusted with goods for the purpose of sale. The general rule as to sales at common law is that no person but the true owner can give a title to a purchaser. If, therefore, a factor or any similar kind of agent, being in possession of goods belong ing to his principal, dealt with them in any unauthorized way, the persons dealing with him acquired no right as against the real owner. The inconvenience and injustice of this rule are apparent, A merchant bona fide buying goods from a person who was in possession of them, and had what among mercantile men are called the documents of title, was liable to have his rights defeated by the ap pearance of the real owner, who repudiated the transaction and recovered the goods. Or an agent might pledge the goods entrusted to him for advances made to him in good faith on that security, and the unfortunate lender might find that the goods belonged to a principal, and that he had no security for his loan. It thus became necessary in such cases to inquire into the real ownership of the goods and the nature of the agent s authority, an intolerable necessity in trade. Accordingly the Factors Acts were passed for the protection of such transactions. The 4 Geo. IV. c. 83 was an Act for the &quot; better protec tion of the property of merchants and others who may hereafter enter into contracts or agreements in relation to goods, wares, and merchandise entrusted to factors or agents.&quot; It was followed by the 6 Geo. IV. c. 94, the principal Factors Act, the second section of which enacts that &quot; persons entrusted with, and in possession of, any bill of lading, Indian warrant, dock warrant, warehouse keeper s