Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 7.djvu/524

504 and in, , and it suffered a similar fate. The population, which is predominantly Jewish, amounts to 7600.  DUBUQUE, a of the, capital of a of the same name in, situated on the right  of the , 155 s west of. The business portion occupies a terrace at no great height above the, and the rest of the is picturesquely arranged on the bluffs behind. Several of its fourteen, besides a so-called , are of considerable pretensions; and the  erected by the  for the , , and other  purposes is constructed of. The principal al s are the and a   for. As a of delivery, a  junction, and the centre of the  region of, Dubuque has an extensive and varied , and engages in a large number of  ; of  alone it s from 10,000,000 to 20,000,000. The of the  is derived from a , who received permission from the  to carry on  in the vicinity, and settled on the spot in. The first real settlement was in ; as a  was obtained in, and a   in. in, 3108; in , 22,151.  DUCANGE,, (–), a most learned historical and philological writer, was born at Amiens, December 18,. His father, who was royal provost of Beauquesne, sent him at an early age to the Jesuits College in Amiens, where he soon distinguished himself. Having completed the usual course at this seminary, he applied himself to the study of law at Orleans, and afterwards went to Paris, where he was received as advocate before the parliament in August. Meeting with little success as a barrister, he returned to his native district, where he applied himself to the study of history. After the death of his father, Ducange married at Amiens, on 19th July, Catherine Du Bois, daughter of a treasurer of France; and, in , he purchased the office of his father-in-law, the duties of which in no degree inter fered with the great literary works in which he had engaged. The plague, which in desolated Amiens, forced him to leave that city. He established himself at Paris, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred on the 23d October. In the archives of Paris he was enabled to consult charters, diplomas, titles, manuscripts, and a multitude of printed documents, which were not to be met with elsewhere. His industry was exemplary and unremitting ; and the number of his literary works would be incredible, if the originals, all written in his own hand, were not still extant. He was distinguished above nearly all the writers of his time by his linguistic acquirements, his accurate and varied knowledge, and his critical sagacity. Of his numerous published works noted below the most im portant are the Glossarium ad Scriptores mediae et infimce Latinitatis and his Glossarium ad Scriptores mediae et infimee Grcecitatis, which are indispensable aids to the student of the history and literature of the Middle Ages. To the three volumes of Ducange s Latin glossary three supplementary volumes were added by the Benedictines of St Maur , and a further addition of four volumes was made by Carpentier, a Benedictine, in 1766. The edition published at Paris in that year accordingly consisted of ten volumes. The edition by G. A. L. Henschel (8 vols., Paris, –) includes those supplements and further additions by the editor.

1em 1em  DUCAS,, a who flourished under Constantine XII., about. The dates of his birth and death are unknown. He belonged to the illustrious family of his name that gave several emperors to Constantinople, and he is supposed to have held a high office at the court of Constantino XII. After the fall of Constantinople, he was employed in various diplomatic missions by the princes of Lesbos, where he had taken refuge. He was successful in securing a semi-independence for Lesbos until, when it was taken and annexed to Turkey by Sultan Mahomet II. It is known that Ducas survived this event, but there is no record of his subsequent life. He is the author of a history beginning with the death of John Palasologus L, and extending as far as the capture of Lesbos in. There is a preliminary chapter of chronology from Adam to John Palaeologus I., which is almost certainly by a later hand. Although barbarous in style, the history of Ducas is both, judicious and trustworthy, and it is the most valuable source for the close of the Greek empire. The author seems to have possessed an intimate knowledge of the Turkish language.

1em  DUCHESNE, (Latin,  or ) (–), a French geographer and historian, generally styled the father of French history, was born at He- Bouchard, in the province of Touraine, in May. He was educated at Loudun and afterwards at Paris, where he studied under Julius Caesar Boulanger. From his earliest years he devoted himself to historical and geographical re search, and his first work, Egregiarum sen Selectarum Lectionum et Antiquitatum Liber, dedicated to Boulanger, and published in his eighteenth year, displayed grout erudi tion. He enjoyed the patronage of Cardinal Kichelieu, a native of the same district with himself, through whose influence he was appointed historiographer and geographer to the king. He died in, in consequence of having 