Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 7.djvu/360

342 carrying out the principles of the Reformation than was done in the succeeding age, so as to place the dogmatic system on a surer basis. Schleiermacher exercised great influence on theological thought ; and though he did not succeed in emancipating himself from the pantheistic prin ciples of his philosophy, his mode of conceiving Christianity and its relation to theology has been fruitful of good results. By a large number of divines it has been felt to be unsatis factory to base, as was practically done formerly, the whole system of theology on the one doctrine of the inspiration of Scripture ; and a broader foundation, as well as a more living conception, has been sought for it, by recognizing as its subject-matter, not merely the sayings of Scripture, but that living Christianity which it is the direct object of the Bible to produce and reveal. This is really a taking up and carrying out more fully of the principles of the Refor mation ; and it is in this line that dogmatic seems to be cultivated with most prospect of success and stability. There is in the present day much confusion in this as in many other departments of theology, and systems of the most diverse contents and on the most diverse principles are produced in abundance ; but the line in which such men as Nitzsch, Martensen, Julius Miiller, Ebrard, Oosterzee, Ritschl, and others have been labouring is that which at once maintains the substance of what has been gained in former ages, and is free to welcome modifications and developments on sound and firmly based principles.

1em 1em 1em 1em 1em 1em  DOGWOOD (according to Prior, Ang, Sax. dole, a brooch- pin), the name applied to plants of the genus Cornus, of the natural order Cornacece or cornels. The common dogwood, prick-wood, skewer-wood, or so-called dogberry, G. sanguinea, is a shrub reaching a height of 8 or 9 feet, common in hedges, thickets, and plantations in Great Britain. Its branches are dark-red ; the leaves egg- shaped, pointed, about 2 inches long by 1/ broad, and turning red in autumn ; and the flowers dull white, in terminal cymes. The fruits are of a black purple, are bitter, and one-seeded, and contain a consi derable percentage of oil, which in some places is employed for lamps, and in the manufacture of soap. The wood is white and very hard, and like that of other species of the genus is used for making ladder- spokes, wheel-work, skewers, forks, and other implements, and gunpowder charcoal. The red berries of the dwarf species, C. suecica, of the Scotch Highlands are eaten, and are reputed to be tonic in properties. 0. mascula, the Cornelian Cherry, a native of Europe and Northern Asia, bears a pulpy and edible fruit, which when unripe contains much tannin. It is the Akenia of the Greeks, and tho Kizziljiek of the Turks ; by the latter the wood is employed for giving a red dye. The bark of the handsome Flowering Dogwood, O. jiorida, and of other American species, is valued as a stomachic and febrifuge, and is administered as a substitute for Peruvian bark. The Jamaica Dogwood, the root-bark of which is poisonous, is the species Piscidia JSrythrina, of the natural order Leguminosce.  DOL, a town of France, in the department of Ille-et- Vilaine, about 15 miles by rail from St Malo, on an eminence in the midst of a marshy plain, protected from the inroads of the sea by a dyke of the 12th century, which extends for a distance of 22 miles. A quiet, sombre, agricultural little place, with nothing more remarkable in its modern life than the corn-market which is held in the old Carmelite church of Notre-Dame-sous-Dol, it preserves, in the remains of its ramparts and its ditch, the memory of the time when it was one of the most important fortresses 