Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 6.djvu/471

Rh moderately fertile in the low, but heathy and unproductive in the high lands. In certain districts there are forests of oak, birch, beech, elm, and poplar. The average tempera ture of Correze is low, and the climate is damp, as several of the higher mountain summits are covered with snow for many months in the year the summer heat in the valleys is, however, excessive. The principal rivers are the Dordogne and the Vezere, with its affluent the Correze. The chief productions are wheat and other cereals, hemp, flax, and wine of an inferior quality. Chestnuts are a staple article of diet with many of the people. Cattle, sheep, goats, horses, mules, and pigs are reared in consider able numbers. The mineral resources, which are little developed, include ores of iron, copper, lead, tin, and antimony, besides coal, marble, slates, clay, millstones, grind stones, granite, and porphyry. The manufactures are fire arms, glass, bricks, leather, coarse woollens, paper, lace, wax candles, and nut oil. The department is divided into the arrondissements Tulle, Brive, and Ussel, containing 29 cantons and 286 communes. Tha chief town is Tull?. The total area is 22C5 square miks, and the population in 1872 numbered 302,746.  CORRIENTES, or, a town of the Argentine Republic, South America, and capital of the province of Corrientes, is situated on the left bank of the Parana, below its junction with the Paraguay, in 27 27 31&quot; S. lat. and 58 46 W. long. It has a college, Government house, museum, several schools and churches, and a good quay ; and is an emporium for the mate&quot;, sugar, cotton, and tobacco of Paraguay, and for the furs of the Chaco Indians. The exports aro chiefly hides, wool, and timber. Population, 10,546. Corrientes was founded by Alonzo de Bera on the 3d April 1588.  CORRY, a city of 6800 inhabitants, in Erie County, Pennsylvania, which owes its existence and its prosperity to the petroleum wells discovered in 1861. Besides the numerous establishments, connected with the oil-trade, it has engineering works, steam-mills, and tanneries ; and, favoured as it is by its position at a railway junction, it is rapidly developing a considerabh traffic. Its incorporation as a city dates from 1866.  CORSEUL, or. See.  CORSICA (Greek, [ Greek text ]; Latin, Corsus and Corsica; French, Corse), a large island of the Mediterranean, belong ing to France, is situated immediately to the north of Sardinia (from which it is separated by the narrow strait of Bonifacio), between 41 20 and 43 N. lat., and 8 30 and 9 30 E. long. Population, 258,507. It lies within 51 miles west of the coast of Tuscany, 98 miles south of Genoa, and 106 miles south-east of the French coast at Nice. Tho extreme length of the island is 116 miles, and its breadth 52 miles ; and it has an area of 3376 squin miles about one-third of the extent of Sardinia. The greater part of the surface of Corsica is occupied by a central range of lofty and rugged mountains, diverging in ell directions, the highest peaks being Monts Cinto (8889 feet), Rotondo (8609), Pagliorbrt (8284), Padi-o (7846), and d Oro (7841). On the west and south of the island the spurs of this range either terminate abruptly on the shore or run out to a great dis tance into the sea, forming bays and gulfs, some of which afford excellent harbours. The prevailing rocks are of granite, gneiss, and mica slate, with occasional beds of syenite, porphyry, and serpentine. Minerals are not worked to any great extent, although lead is found in some quantity at Luri, antimony at Ersa, and copper at Bastia, Ponte Leecia, &c. On the eastern side of the island, between Bastia and Porto Veschio, there intervenes between the mountains and the sea a considerable tract of low country, where there are plantations of olive trees, almond and fig trees, and vineyards. The oil produced is, however, not of the best quality, and much of the wine is exported to France in a raw state for the manufacture of liqueurs. Corsica is well watered with rivers, which, though short in their course, bring down large volumes of water from the mountains. The longest is the Golo (the Tavola of the Romans), which enters the sea on the east coast through the large salt-water lake of Biguglia ; further south on the same side of the island are the Tavignano and the Rezzanese; while on the east side is the Taravo. The other streams are all comparatively small. From the rugged and indented outline of the coast there arc an unusual number of bays and harbours. Of the former the most important on the western side of the island are Porto, Sagone, Ajaccio, and Propriano ; of the latter, St Florent, He Rousse, Calvi, and Ajaccio. On the eastern side, which is much less rugged and broken, the only harbours worth mentioning are Bastia and Porto Yecchio (the Portus Syracusanus of the ancients), and the only gulf that of Santa Manza. At the extreme south are the harbour and town of Bonifacio, giving name to the strait which separates Corsica from Sardinia.

Island of Corsica

Of the internal resources of the island the most important consist of those vast forests that cover tho summits of the hills, and which furnished timber for the navies of antiquity. Partly, however, from the indolence of the inhabitants, and partly from the difficulties of land carriage, this source of wealth is comparatively neglected, The mountain pastures are made available for the rearing of cattle, horses, asses, and mules. Sheep of a peculiar black breed, called mujflons, inhabit the more inaccessible parts of the mountains, and goats and pigs abound in the island. The uncultivated districts aro generally over grown with a thick tangled underwood, consisting of arbutus, myrtle, thorn, laurel, broom, and other shrubs, and called by the natives maquis, which, however, is easily cleared off by burning. Throughout the island the growth of the cereal crops is generally abandoned for the easier cultivation of the olive and vine. Chestnuts constitute an important article of food, but wheat, maize, and barley are 