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was formerly a prominent, but it has recently declined. Prior to 1863 Cincinnati was the chief centre in the for the of  and the packing of. Since that year this supremacy has been held by, Cincinnati taking the second rank. There are more than seventy establishments in the latter city employed in this. The United s for the reception of live  occupy about 60 s. During the   of 1874–75 there were slaughtered 560,164 s, weighing in the aggregate 155,864,126undefined, and valued at 10,897,584. The production included 44,232 s of, and 23,400,157undefined of. During the ending  31, 1875,  and  valued at 12,645,538 were exported from the ; the  amounted to 2,580,493. The excess of of  over  was 2,781,091. After this important the  of   ranks next, the  here turning out about 15,000,000 s annually. is also carried on to a very considerable extent. The contains five  s with a  of 4,000,000, and seventeen private s with a  of 2,740,000. The leading organization is the Chamber of Commerce and Merchants' Exchange, which has about 1200 members and holds  sessions. The Board of has about 900 members, chiefly rs. There are also a mechanics' institute, exchange, and  packers' association. An exhibition has been held in the  of each  since 1871, and has attracted large numbers of visitors to the. The are centrally situated, and occupy 3 s of ground. The is divided into 25, and is by a, who is  by the people for two s, and receives an annual  of 4000, a board of 25 , and a board of 50 men, who are also  by the people. It has a paid under the control of five   by the, and a  force under the control of the  and four. The efficiency of these departments is promoted by extensive - and ic lines. The is supplied with  obtained by  from the  by means of three immense s, two of which, with a capacity of 100,000,000 s each, are in Eden Park. Beside the usual and  s, the   and  s for the southern  of  are held in the. Cincinnati has a large number and variety of well-organized. The Cincinnati is supported by, and affords free treatment to all unable to pay for it; the, besides supporting  s, affords relief to outdoor poor; the Good Samaritan and StMary's s are private institutions, under the supervision of  ; the   is maintained by. The Longview for the, built at Carthage, 10 s from the , at a cost, including 110 s of land, of 1,000,000, ranks among the first institutions of the kind in the. It belongs to, whose consists chiefly of the inhabitants of Cincinnati; patients are, however, sent here by , which contributes to its support. The average daily number of inmates in 1874 was 582, nearly all of whom were maintained free of charge. Besides the, which has accommodation for 300 children, and is supported by , and the  asylum, with a capacity for about 100, two large s are maintained by the  and by the. There are also several institutions for indigent and friendless. The house of refuge and the  are maintained by the  for the confinement of persons convicted of minor ; children are sent to the former, and adults to the latter. The are under the control of a and a board of 50  members, and comprise 3, 5 intermediate, and 30 district schools, including those for  pupils. There are also a for  and evening schools. In 1874 there were 529 and 28,949 pupils enrolled, with an average  attendance of 21,486. is a prominent study in the, and and  are taught. The Woodword and the Hughes have long been known for their excellence. Besides the above, there are a large number of. The of Cincinnati, recently founded by means of a  made by, is designed to afford advanced and technical instruction free of charge. A of  has been in operation since 1869. Besides the Cincinnati  for  (-), StXavier College (Roman Catholic), and Mount StMary's of the West, the  has 1, 6 , and 2  s, 4  , and 2  of. One of the  is connected with Mount StMary's of the West, the other is the widely-known Lane  , founded in 1829. It occupies a site of 7 s on Walnut Hills, and has 5 and a  of 12,000. Three of the  are classified as regular, one as, one as , and one as. The oldest is the  of, which was opened in 1819, and now has 10 ; the Cincinnati  of  and  was opened in 1821, and has 14 ; the   , opened in 1852, has 12 ; and the Pulte  , opened in 1872, has 14. There are 11 public in the, the largest being the free public , which has 81,000   and 5500 s, and the young men's mercantile with nearly 40,000. The public occupies one of the best   in. The most important literary associations are the and the  and  societies. There are published in the city 70 s and s, 9 appearing, 1 twice a-, 33 ly, 3 ly, 21 ly, and 3. Of these 3, 9 ly, 1 ly, and 2 ly are in. The contains 160 es, the largest s being the, which has 32 es and 12 s, the  with 26 es, the  with 22, the  with 14, and the   with 11. (Author:Eaton S. Drone)  CINCINNATUS, the of one of the early, was  about 519B.C. According to the story, he was ruined by the  which was imposed on his son Cæso for the  of a  during the commotions caused by the introduction of a  by. This measure, which proposed the creation of a code of s applicable to  and  alike, was also strongly opposed by Cincinnatus himself. Cincinnatus is, in fact, the type of the ancient. Twice he was called from the to the ship of. On the first occasion his task was to save the from the  and, who had forced it into a position of imminent danger; and he is said to have raised an  and defeated the enemy within a single  (458). On his return he summoned, the accuser of his son, to take his on a charge of ; but   from. On the second occasion (439) he was appointed by the, in order to crush , who had spent his wealth in relieving the wretched ors, and who was consequently accused of