Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 4.djvu/698

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1em  CADAHALSO, (1741-1782), a Spanish poet and writer, was born at Cadiz in 1741. He was educated at Paris, and before completing liis twentieth year had travelled through Italy, Germany, England, and Portugal, and had studied with care the languages and literatures of these countries. On his return to Spain he entered the army, and rose to the rank of colonel. He was killed at the siege of Gibraltar, 27th February 1782. His first published work was a tragedy after the French model, Don Sancho Garcia, printed in 1771. In the following year he published his Eruditos d la Violeta (Fashionable Learning), a satire on superficial knowledge, which was very successful. In 1773 appeared a volume of miscellaneous poems, and after his death there was found among his MSS. a series of fictitious letters, somewhat after the style of the Lcttrcs Persanes, or the Citizen of the World, which were published as Moorish Letters, and have been frequently reprinted. The complete edition of his works, with life by Navarrete, appeared at Madrid, in 3 vols., 1818.  CADIZ (in Latin Gades, and formerly called Cales by the English), the capital of a province of the same name in Spain, is built on the extremity of a tongue of land projecting about five miles into the sea, in a direction N.W. from the Isla de Leon, in 36 31 N. lat., G 18 W. long., 94 miles by rail south of Seville, and 13 from Xeres. The city, which is six or seven miles in circumference, is surrounded by a wall with five gates, one of which communi cates with the isthmus. Seen from a distance off the coast, it presents a magnificent display of snow-white turrets rising majestically from the sea : and for the uniformity and elegance of its buildings, it must certainly be ranked as me of the finest cities of Spain, although, being hemmed in on all sides, its streets and squares are necessarily con tracted. Every house in the city annually receives a coating of whitewash, which, when it is new, produces a disagree able glare in the streets. The most characteristic feature of Cadiz is the marine promenades, fringing the city all round between the ramparts and the sea, especially that called the Alamcdaon the eastern side, commanding a view of the shipping in the bay and the ports on the opposite shore. The principal square is the Plaza dc San Antonio, sur rounded by handsome houses with elegant facmles, the centre pleasantly shaded with trees, and furnished with numerous seats of marble. Communicating with it is the principal street (Calle lAncha), in which are the exchange and houses of the nobility. The houses arc generally lofty