Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 4.djvu/614

552 more rudely, and is wholly unfit for ation.

The most common s in Burmah are the, the, the , the , the , the , the , and the. The and the are, but not extensively; the  is unknown. s are produced; and, which, after , is the most ordinary used by the Burmese, is cultivated everywhere.

The s of Burmah abound in fine s. Among these the holds a conspicuous place; some of the finest s were lost to the Burmese, however, with. Almost every description of known in  is produced in the Burmese s, from which also an abundant supply is obtained of the  employed by the  and the Burmese in their  of. of an excellent quality is obtained in the.

Burmah is rich in s, and,, , , , , , , , , , , , , and , the or yu of the , s, and other. is found in the s of different s, and also towards the on the eastern frontier; but the demand is very much greater than the native supply. is got also near the frontier. The districts of the  contain almost all the other s; but they are not, and the  and , which are seen in , are imported from. is found in several places, and is wrought especially at, near a of that name to the eastward of the old  , and also at , north-west of ; but, owing to ignorance and the want of proper methods, about 30 or 40 per cent. of is lost in the process. Large deposits of rich ic, as yet untouched, exist in the ridges east of near the banks of the   , and the same district contains  in great abundance and of remarkable whiteness; while  , equal to the best  specimens, is found about 15 s north of  and east of the. of are wrought, among other places, at  or, near the sources of the , and their produce must be abundant if one may judge from the price of the article at. ,, and are found in various quarters. also occurs in some places, as in the district of and in the neighbourhood of the  s; but the quantity is comparatively small, and a supply has to be obtained from. has been discovered in patches, but not in any quantity worth working. , which is used by all ranks among the Burmese for burning in s, and also for smearing as a preservative against, is found near the  of , on the banks of the. Here are upwards of one hundred pits or s, with a general depth of from 210 to 240 feet; though some of them are deeper, and reach to the depth of 300 feet. The shaft is of a square form, from 3 to 4 feet across, and lined with horizontal balks. The liquid appears to boil up from the bottom like an abundant, and is extracted in buckets, and sent to all quarters of the country. The yield is calculated at 11,690 s. A good deal is now imported into. The which are produced in the Burmese territories are chiefly the and the. They are found about 60 or 70 s in a north-east direction from, over an area of about 100 square s, by sinking pits in the beds. The varieties of the found there are the blue or oriental, the red or oriental , the purple or oriental , the yellow or oriental , besides different varieties of  and. The Crown lays claim to the produce of these s; and all the that exceed the value of 10 are sent to the treasury. No stranger is ever permitted to approach the spots where these are found. The yu or  are situated in the  district, about 25 s south-west of. During certain s no fewer than 1000 men—,, , and —are engaged in the of , which is found in the form of rounded boulders, sometimes of considerable size. Each digger pays so much a month for the right of search, and all he finds becomes his own. , in, was formerly the chief seat of the of the , and still produces a considerable quantity of small articles.

The country of the Burmese, abounding in s, affords extensive shelter to wild s. The and the —both the one-ed (R. indicus) and the two-ed (R. sumatranus)—are found in the deep s of the country. The and the  are numerous, as well as the, and several  of, such as the , the , and the  (Cervus muntjac). In the is found, as far up as, a peculiar kind of. The s and s abound with, from which the inhabitants prepare their favourite of ngapee. A detailed description of several of the will be found in Day's contributions to the Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1869, 1870. Of, the is common, and is seen in s in all the s of the country; while domestic breeds, often of very large size, are kept in great numbers, not only for the sake of the s or the , but also to afford amusement of a barbarous kind. Aquatic of various kinds are very numerous, such as, s (Flotus melanogaster), s (Rhyncops nigra), s (Leptoptilos argala), s, s, s (Grus antigone, in  gyoja), s, s, and es. There are also s, and varieties of s, s, and s. The domestic animals are the, the, and the. are used for draught in the upper country, and es in the southern parts. They are of a good description, and, ranging in the luxuriant s of the s, they commonly appear in high order. The is confined to, and the  alone is used as a beast of burden or of draught. The Burman s, which are rarely more than thirteen hands high, are never used but for riding. s are kept for the pleasure of the king, and the of those that are newly caught is one of the favourite spectacles of the people. A white (apparently an ), when found, is greatly prized, and is kept at court as a sacred appendage of royalty. The is neglected, and is seen prowling about the s, a prey to  and. s are numerous; and about a few s and, of a puny , are kept more for curiosity than for use. A few es are also seen, which are brought from. The is not known.

The Burmese in person have the characteristics, common to the - s, the, and s of the Eastern. They may be