Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 4.djvu/613

Rh 10′ W. . It is well, has an abundant supply of , and forms a favourite resort for the inhabitants of. Its al institutions are of considerable importance, and comprise an, founded in 1846; 's Hall, also under  management; two large boarding s; and a number of public s, which are well endowed. There is also a and a valuable. Though it has greatly declined with the rise of, Burlington still maintains a respectable ; in 1871 it had 131 s with a registered  of 12,525. The first settlement of the city dates from 1667, and was principally due to a number of. New Beverly, as the place was originally called, grew rapidly in importance, and was the seat of the of  till 1790. It had a large with the, and was raised to the rank of a ric,  endowing the  with an extensive estate. in 1870, 5817.  BURLINGTON, a of the, the capital of the of  in, on the right bank of , 207 s by  from. It occupies a natural formed by the  bluffs which slope backward from. Among the al institutions the chief place is held by the Business, founded in 1865, and the , which dates from 1854. There are about eight public s, fifteen es, and a public. The activity of the city is very great, and is gradually increasing. Its establishments comprise -s, -packing s,, , and works; and the neighbourhood furnishes an abundant supply of ,  , and. The city is also the centre of a considerable. Laid out in 1834, it ranked for several years (1837–40) as the of. in 1860, 6706; in 1870, 14,933.  BURMAH. The Burman empire, or Independent Burmah, is situated in the S.E. of, in the region beyond the s which form the eastern frontier of. It was formerly of very considerable extent, but its limits have been greatly contracted by conquest. On the W. where it is conterminous with the in, the Burman empire is bounded by the  of , surrendered to the  in 1826, the petty s of  and , and the  of , from which it is separated by lofty ridges of s; on the S. by the   of , acquired in 1853; on the N. by  and ; and on the E. by  and the  s. Its limits extend from 19° 30′ to 28° 15′ N. ., and from 93° 2′ to 100° 40′ E. ., comprising a territory measuring 540 s in length from north to south, and 420 in breadth, with an area of 190,520  square s.

That portion of in which the Burman empire is situated slopes from the central s towards the south; and the Burmese territory is watered by four great, namely, the and the, which unite their courses at 21° 50′ N. ., the  or , and the. The first two rivers have their sources somewhere in the northern chain of s in the interior, one head of the  probably coming from ; the Salwin further to the east in ; and the, which is the smallest of the four, in the s to the S.E. of ; they all run in a southerly course to the. The and the  are large s, which in the lower part of their course  the  on their banks during the  of the s, and in the upper force their way through magnificent defiles. The former is a considerable distance above ; but the latter is practically useless as a means of, owing to the frequent obstacles in its channel. The Burmese empire with its present limits contains no districts, and only isolated tracts of ; it is in the main an upland territory, bounded at its southern extremity by a frontier line at the distance of about 200 s from the mouths of the, in 19° 30′ N. . From this point the country begins to rise, and thence for about 300 s farther it contains much rolling country intersected by occasional  ranges; beyond this it is wild and.

Though inferior in point of to the low-lying tracts of, the upland country is far from being unproductive. The chief s are (of which the Burmese count 102 different sorts),, , , various , , , and. The appears to have been long known to the Burmese; but, though the  and  are extremely favourable, it is not generally. A cheap and coarse is obtained from the  of the, which abounds in the tract south of. The and  are not common. The -plant, which is indigenous, is cultivated in the s by some of the s at the distance of about five s' journey, and by others in still greater perfection at the distance of about ten s' journey, from. It seems, however, to be another, probably the Elæodendron persicum, which furnishes the principal ingredient in the hlapét, or , that forms one of the favourite s of Burmah. is grown in every part of the kingdom and its dependencies, but chiefly in the dry lands and of the upper provinces. is indigenous, and is universally, but in a very rude manner; it is still