Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 3.djvu/612

594 of Geography, gives the number of its public buildings as 700. Of these, its churches are the structures which lay jlaim to the highest antiquity, four of them dating from the 1 3th and 1 4th centuries. But in respect of its churches, both in their number and their beauty, Berlin is, relatively speaking, probably the poorest of the capitals of Christen dom. It has only 48 churches and chapels belonging to the State Church, 5 Roman Catholic churches and chapels, 8 foreign and free chapels, and 3 synagogues, to satisfy the religious wants of a million of people. Nor are these over-filled. Dr Schwabe, the statistician, fixes the number of actual worshippers in all the churches on an average Sunday at less than 2 per cent, of the entire population. On the 1st of December 1871 the different crocks were found to be represented in the following proportions : 732,351 were Protestants of the State Church, 2570 Dis senters, 51,517 Roman Catholics, 30,015 Jews, 34 of non- Christian creeds, 3854 persons whose creed was uncertain. In secular public buildings Berlin is very rich. Enter ing the city at the Potsdam Gate, traversing a few hundred yards of the Leipzigerstrasse, turning into the Wilhelm- strasse, and following its course until it reaches the street. Unter den Linden, then beginning at the Brandenburg Gate and going along the Unter den Linden until its termina tion, there will be seen within the limits of half an hour s walk the following among other buildings, many of them of great architectural merit : The Admiralty, the Upper House of the Prussian Legislature, the Imperial Parliament,     Plan of Berlin. A, Schloss Briicke (Castle Bridge) B, I.tmge or Kurf Ursten Briicke. C, Monument to Frederick the Great. D, Monument to Frederick William 1. British Embassy. 2. Admiralty. 3. Industrial (Gewerbe) Museum. 4. Palace of Princes Alexander and George. 5. Ministry of the Interior. 6. Aquarium. 7. Russian Embassy. 8. Royal Academy. 9. University. 10. Palace of the Emperor. 11. Royal Library. 12. Opera. 13. Konisswache. 14. Zcughaus (Arsenal). 15. Palace of the Crown Prince. 16. Palace of the Commandant of Berlin. 17. Bauakademie (Architecture). I.Q. UU tU-SMUV 18. Miinzc (Mint). 19. Royal Theatre. 20. Circus (Rcnz). 21. Palace of the General Staff. 22. Kammergericht (Chamber). 23. Count Raczynski s Picture Gallery. 24. Catholic Hospital. 25. Infirmary.    the War Office, the residence of the Minister of Commerce, the palaces of Prince Carl and the Princes Pless and Radziwill, the Foreign Office, the Imperial Chan cery, the palaces of the Ministers of the Royal House and of Justice, the palaces of the Princes Alexander and George, the Brandenburg Gate, the Royal School of Artillery and Engineering, the residences and offices of the Ministers of the Interior and of Worship, the Russian Embassy, the Great Arcade, the Netherland Palace and the palace of the Emperor, the Royal Academy, the University, the Royal Library, the Opera, the Arsenal, the palace of the Crown Prince, the palace of the Commandant of Berlin, the Castle Bridge, the Academy of Architecture, the Castle, the Cathedral, the Old and New Museums, and the National Gallery. At a short distance from this line are the Ex change, the Rathhaus, the Mint, the Bank, and the Royal Theatre. Further away are the various barracks, the palace of the general staff, and the eight railway termini. Berlin differs from other great capitals in this respect, that with the exception, of the castle, a large building enclosing two courts, and containing more than GOO rooms, and which dates back in its origin to the 1 Gth century, all its public buildings are comparatively modern, dating in their present form from the 18th and 19th centuries. The public buildings and monuments which render it famous, such as the palaces, museums, theatre, exchange, bank, rathhaus, the Jewish synagogue, the monuments and co lumns of victory, date almost without exception from later 