Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 24.djvu/516

490 Metric System.—The report to the  proposing this system was presented 17th , the  s finished and adopted 22d  , an intermediate system of division and names tolerated 28th  , abolished and pure decimal system enforced 1st. Since then, , , ,  (legalized ), ,  and  , , , , , , , , , , and other s have adopted this system. The use of it is permissive in, , , , &c. The theory of the system is that the metre is a 10,000,000th of a quadrant of the through ; the litre is a cube of  metre; the gramme is  of the litre filled with water at 4°; the  weighs 5 grammes. The multiples are as follows:—

In  the unit is the are (10 metres square)&#61;119·60 square yards; and the hectare&#61;2·4736 acres. Other multiples of the units are merely nominal and not practically used.

Table for Conversion of British and Metric Units.

For approximate conversion either way use the following ratios:— 315 inches (to ); 5 miles (to );  7 pints (to );  108 grains (to ).

.—Paulgaut 1 inch, taim 18 inches, saundaung 22 inches, dha 154 inches, dain 2·43 miles. Kait 251 grains, vis 3·59 ℔, sait 14·36, ten 57·36, candy 533 ℔.

.—Pic 25·11inches, carga 4·19bushels, rottolo 1·165℔, cantaro 116·5℔, okka 2 65℔.}}

.—Seer 1·86pints; 10parrahs, 1amomam, 5·6bushels.

.—Fau ·141inches, tsun 1·41, chik 14·1, cheung 141, yan 1410= 117·5feet. Other chiks—itinerary 12·17, imperial 12·61, 's 12·70, 13·12,  14·70inches. Li= 1800chiks of 12·17, 13·12, or 14·1. Kop 3·3cubic inches; 10= shing tsong ·96pint, tau 9·6 (12 catties of ), hwuh 96pints. Tael 580·3grains; 16= catty, 9328grains or 1·333℔; picul 133·3℔.

.—Tomme 1·03inches, fod 12·357, aln 24·714; mül 4·6807miles. Pott ·2126gallons; 2= kande, 2= stübchen, 2= viertel 1·7008gallons; anker 8·2914gallons. Pot ·02657bushel, skieppe ·47835, fjerding ·9567, tonne 3·8268, last 84·188bushels. Ort 15·1grains, quintin 60·3, lod 241·2, unze 482·5, mark 3860, pund 7720= 1·103℔= kilogramme. Lispund 17·646℔, skippund 3·151cwt. Tönde (land) 1·25acres, 4·6775bushels.

.—Dirá' of 21·3inches, dirá' beledi 22·7, dirá' handasi 25·13, pic or dirá Stambuli 26·65inches; pic of land, 29·53, ḳaṣab 139·8 inches. Feddán 1acre. Rub'a 6·6pints or quarts, wébe 6·6gallons, ardeb 39·6 or 46·4gallons. Dirhem 60·65grains, raṭl 1·0131℔, oḳḳa 2·7274℔, ḳanṭár 101·31℔.

.——gaz= yard. —gaz 27inches, háth 18inches. —covid 18·6inches. —cottah (ḳaṭṭhá) 80square yards; 20= biggah, 1600square yards. —24mauris = cawri, 6400square yards. Seer, 40= maund, 20= candy. Equivalents of n and other weights are as follows:—

weights are greater than  weights. and native s are usually weighed.

.—Boo, 10= sun, 10= shaku (11·948inches= metre), 6= ken, 60= cho, 39= ri (2·647miles). Go (11·1cubic inches), 10= sho, 10= to, 10= koku (5·011bushels). Momme 57·97grains, 160= kin or catty (1·325℔), 1000momme= kuamme (8·281℔).

.—Ell 27inches. Kanne ·3282gallon; rand, 396= leaguer of arrack, 133gallons; 360rands= leaguer of. -, 2= picul 135℔, 5= timbang; coyang 3581℔.

.—Covid 18inches; buncal 832grains ( and ); kip 41℔ (tin); 100catties= picul, 135℔; 3piculs= bahar; 40piculs= coyau of or ; 500gantons= 50measures= 1last, nearly 29 cwts.; chupah= 2℔; gautang (=ganton?), 9℔ of  at 62°.

.—Palmo 10·3inches, foot7·2 and 11·17inches, canna82·4 inches; 16 tumoli= salma, 4·44acres. Caffiso 4·58gallons; barile  9·16gallons; salma (corn) 7·9bushels. Ounce 407·2grains; rottolo 1·745℔; cantaro 174·5℔.

.—Vara 32·97inches. Fanega 1·50bushels. Libra 1·0142℔.

.—Canna 21inches, rottolo 119℔, 100= quintal; market rottolo 1·785℔.

.—Gaz (gueze), 6handbreadths or 25inches. Royal gaz 37inches. Arash 38·27inches. Parasang or farsakh 3 geographical miles (an hour's walk for a ). Sextario (21cubic inches), 4= chenica, 2= capicha (2·4quarts), 25= artaba (1·9bushels). (These, as the native names show, are not native measures. As Chardin remarks, there are no true measures of capacity; even liquids are sold by weight.) Dirhem, 143 (Bussora), 147·8 (Tabriz), or 150grs. Mescal, 2= dirhem, 50= ratl (7300grains), 6= man or batman.

.—Vershok (1·75inches), 16= archine, 3= sagene (7feet British, legally), 500= verst (·663mile); 2400 square sagenes= deciatine (2·7acres). Tcharkey (·216pint), 100= vedro, 3= anker, 40vedros= sarakovaia (324·6gallons). Garnietz 2= tchetverka, 4= tchetverik, 2= paiak, 2= osmin, 2= tchetvert (5·77bushels). Dola (·68578grains); 96= zolotnic; 8= laua; 12= funt (6319·7279 grains); 40= pud (36·112℔); 10= berkovitz; 3= packen. Also 3zolotnices= 1loth.

.—Nin, 12= küb (10inches), 2= sok, 4= wa (79·999inches on bar at 85°.). Thangsat, 10×10×20 nin, actual standard 1159·8477cubic inches at 85°= 2·08pecks. Thanan, 5×5×4 nin, standard 57·8800 at 85°= 1·67pints. Tical or bat (234·04grains), 4= tael, 4= catty or chang, 50= picul or hap (133·738℔).

.—Pic 26·8 or 27·06inches; larger pic 27·9. Almud 1·15gallons (of = 8okas); 4killows= fortin of 3·7bushels (killow