Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 23.djvu/753

Rh , missions, and the like made a total of $842,700. The organization of the church is Episcopal (six bishops, two of them missionary), but its polity combines features of the Methodist, Congregational, and Presbyterian systems. The creed may be described as Arminian. The members are prohibited from joining secret societies, and from using alcohol or engaging in its manufacture or sale. In connexion with the denomination are a theological institution (39 students), ten colleges, and nine academies or seminaries of a higher grade, with 62 professors, 64 other teachers, and 2486 students. There are 49 annual conferences, 46 of them in the United States. Two missions in the Sherbro country in West Africa have 6 American missionaries, 9 churches, and 2631 members; in Germany there are 10 German missionaries, with 20 churches and 615 members.

The denomination originated in the labours of P. W. Otterbein (1726-1813), a native of Germany, who came as a missionary to Lancaster, Pa., in 1752, and settled at Baltimore in 1774. He became associated with Martin Boehm, a Mennonite preacher, and also co-operated with the Methodist preachers when they came to Pennsylvania. The first annual conference was held in 1800.

 UNITED KINGDOM, is the official title, adopted in 1801, now applied to England, Scotland, and Ireland (see ). The total area is returned as 77,657,065 acres, or 121,339 square miles, England and Wales embracing 37,370,041 acres (whereof Wales 4,721,633), Scotland 19,467,077, and Ireland 20,819,947.

Counties. Population in 1881. M.P.S 1 1885. Counties. Population in 1881. M.P.S 1885. ENGLAND. Bedford 149,473 218,363 176,323 185,594 644,037 330,686 250,647 461,914 603,595 191,028 867,258 576,434 572,433 593,470 121,062 203,069 59,491 977,700 3,454,441 321,258 469,919 2,920,485 211,267 444,749 272,555 434,086 391,815 179,559 21,434 248,014 469,109 981,013 356,893 1,436,899 490,505 737,339 64,191 258,965 380,283 2,886,564 3 5 3 4 13 7 6 9 13 4 16 11 11 12 3 4 2 19 57 6 11 47 4 10 7 8 7 4 1 5 10 17 8 22 9 14 2 g S Berwick 35,392 17,657 38,865 25,680 75,333 76,140 389,164 43,788 171,931 266,360 38,502 90,454 34,464 6,697 42,127 904,412 43,510 10,455 61,749 13,822 129,007 263,374 78,547 53,442 25,564 112,443 23,370 38,611 1 1 2 I 1 2 6 2 4 4 1 2 1 Bute Berks Buckingham Cambridge Chester Elgin Cumberland Fife Derby Forfar Devon Haddington Dorset Durham. Gloucester Kirkcudbright 1 13 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 3 1 1 Hants Hereford Hertford Xairn Orkney and Shetland. Peebles Kent Lancaster Perth Leicester Lincoln Ross and Cromarty ... Middlesex Selkirk Norfolk. Stirling Northampton Northumberland Wigtown IRELAND. Oxford 3,735,573 421,943 163,177 46,568 129,476 141,457 495,607 206,035 272,107 418,910 84,879 242,005 201,039 75,804 99,531 72,852 90,372 180,632 164,991 61,009 77,684 245,212 87,469 102,748 73,124 132,490 111,578 199,612 197,719 112,768 71,798 123,854 70,386 70 S 3 1 2 2 9 4 5 6 2 4 4 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 2 Rutland Shropshire Somerset Stafford Suffolk Surrey Sussex Clare Warwick Cork Westmoreland Wilts Worcester Dublin York WALKS. Anglesey 24,613,926 51,410 o7,74(i 70,270 124,864 119,349 111,740 80,587 511,433 52,038 65,718 91,824 23,528 4iO 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 10 1 2 2 1 Kerry Kildare Kilkenny .... King s Brecon Cardigan Carmarthen Carnarvon Denbigh Flint Glamorgan Meath Merioneth Montgomery Pembroke Raduor Sllgo England and Wales... SCOTLAND. 1,360,513 30 Tyrone Waterford 25,974,439 267,990 76,468 217,519 62,736 490 4 1 4 1 Wexford Wicklow Argyll 5,174,836 101 Ayr ... . Banff 34,884,848 C61

The accompanying table gives the population of the counties according to the census of 1881, and their parliamentary representation as determined by the Redistribution Act of 1885. In the enumeration of the Scottish members of parliament, groups of burghs are included in the counties containing the burghs whence they are respectively named, while it is to be observed that Kinross county is united with Clackmannan, Nairn with Elgin, and Selkirk with Peebles. The addition of the nine university representatives (England, 5; Scotland, 2; Ireland, 2) brings the total membership of the House of Commons to 670.

For the Islands in the British Seas the figures are as follows:—Isle of Man—141,263 acres, population 53,558; Channel Islands—48,322 acres, population 87,702.  UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,, in point of numbers the third of the Presbyterian organizations of Scotland, was formed in 1847 by the union of the United Secession and Relief Churches (see below). The doctrinal standards are those of the other Presbyterian churches of Scotland, and the formula employed at the ordination of ministers is similar to that of the Established and Free Churches; but adherence to the doctrinal standards is professed in view of the Declaratory Act of 1879, according to which signatories "are not required to approve of anything in the standards of the church which teaches or is supposed to teach compulsory or persecuting and intolerant principles in religion," and are allowed freedom of opinion on all points which, in the judgment of the church, do not enter into the substance of the faith. The denomination in 1887 consisted of 32 presbyteries and 564 congregations (518 in 1847), with a total membership of 182,063 (175,066 in 1878; 178,195 in 1883), thus representing about 14 per cent, of the population of Scotland. The number of baptisms in 1886 was 9894; there were 887 Sunday schools, with 11,994 teachers and 97,535 scholars, besides 788 advanced Bible classes, with 30,535 scholars. The total income of the church in 1886 was 373,545 (average for ten years from 1877 to 1886, 375,660); of this total 237,300 was ordinary congregational income, and 136,245 missionary and benevolent income. The average stipend paid to each minister was 259, 16s. lOd. There is a divinity hall in Edinburgh with 4 professors and (session 1887-88) 114 students. The term of study is three years. The United Presbyterian Church has missions in Jamaica (a synod with four presbyteries), Trinidad, Kaffraria, Old Calabar, India, China, Japan, and Spain. The mission staff consists of 60 ordained Europeans, 22 ordained natives, 8 medical missionaries, 3 European evangelists, and 19 female missionaries. Under these are 502 native evangelists, teachers, and other helpers. In 1886 the membership of the native congregations was 13,214 (10,215 in 1881). In Jamaica there is a theological institution. At the end of 1875 the denomination had 620 congregations, with 190,242 members, but in June 1876 98 of its congregations in England, with 20,207 members, were incorporated with the English Presbyterian Church.

.—(1) United Secession Church. The general causes which led to the first great secession from the Church of Scotland as by law established in 1688 have already been briefly indicated under (see  ; compare also   ). Its immediate occasion rose out of an Act of Assembly of 1732 which abolished the last remnant of popular election by enacting that, in cases where patrons might neglect or decline to exercise their right of presentation, the minister was to be chosen, not by the congregation, but only by the elders and Protestant