Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 22.djvu/641

Rh not to legacy duty. Special provision is made for the collection of the duty in the case of joint tenants, in the case where the successor is also the predecessor, and in other dispositions of a special nature. The duty is a first charge on property; but, if the property be parted with before the succession duty be paid, the liability of the successor appears to be transferred to the alienee. A bona fide purchaser is protected by a receipt for duty, notwithstanding any suppression or mis-statement in the account on the footing of which the duty was assessed, or any insufficiency of such assessment. It is usual in requisitions on title before conveyance to demand for the protection of the purchaser the production of receipts for succession duty. Recent legislation has made some amendments in the law. By 43 Vict. c. 14, s. 11, succession duty may be commuted in certain cases by the Commissioners of Inland Revenue. 44 Vict. c. 12, s. 36, relieves from payment of succession duty on personal estate not exceeding £300 by payment of a sum of thirty shillings on the affidavit or inventory. Section 41 exempts from payment of the 1 per cent. duty in respect of property for which stamp duty has been paid on the affidavit or inventory. Up to 1885 certain property vested in bodies corporate and unincorporate escaped liability to succession duty. 48 and 49 Vict. c. 51, s. 11, now imposes on such bodies (with considerable exceptions) a duty at the rate of 5 per cent. on the annual value, income, or profits of the succession. All the Acts which have been cited extend to the United Kingdom.

1em  SUCHET,, (1770–1826), marshal of France, one of the most brilliant of Napoleon's generals, was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyons, where he was born on 2d March 1770. He originally intended to follow his father's business ; but the Revolution of 1789 altered the bent of his ambition, and, having in 1792 served as volunteer in the cavalry of the national guard at Lyons, he manifested military abilities which secured his rapid promotion. As chef de bataillon he was present at the siege of Toulon in 1793, where he took General O'Hara prisoner. During the Italian campaign of 1796 he distinguished himself in most of the important contests and was severely wounded at Cerea on 11th October. In October 1797 he was appointed to the command of a demi-brigade, and in the following year his services in Switzerland were recognized by his promotion to the rank of general of brigade. He then went to Egypt, but soon afterwards was recalled, and in August made chief of the staff to Brune, to whom he rendered invaluable assistance in restoring the efficiency and discipline of the army in Italy. In July 1799 he was made general of division to Joubert in Italy, and, after being continued in the same office by his successors, was in 1800 named by Massena his second in command. Soon afterwards he had an opportunity of manifesting those qualities which entitle him to rank among the most daring and clever tacticians of his time; his dexterous resistance to the superior forces of the Austrians with the left of Massena, when the right and centre were shut up in Genoa, not only prevented the invasion of France from this direction but powerfully contributed to the success of Napoleon's strategy of crossing the Alps, which culminated in the battle of Marengo on 14th June. He took a prominent part in all the subsequent events of the Italian campaign till the peace of Luneville, 9th February 1801. In the campaigns of 1805 and 1806 he greatly increased his reputation, more especially at Austerlitz, Saalfeld, Jena, Pultusk, and Ostrolenka. He obtained the title of count on 19th March 1808, and, after taking part in the siege of Saragossa, was named generalissimo of the army of Aragon and governor of the province, which, by wise administration no less than by his brilliant valour, he in two years brought into complete submission. He annihilated the army of Blake at Maria on 14th June 1809, and on 22d April 1810 inflicted a severe defeat on O'Donnell. After being made marshal of France, 8th July 1811, he in 1812 achieved the conquest of Valencia, for which he was rewarded with the title of Duc d'Albufera. By Louis XVIII. he was on 4th June made a peer of France, but, having assisted Napoleon during the "hundred days," he was deprived of his peerage on 24th July 1815. He died near Marseilles on 3d January 1826. Suchet was the author of Mémoires sur ses Campagnes en Espayne, 2 vols., 1829–34.

1em  SU-CHOW. There are in three  of this  which deserve mention. (1)Su-chow, formerly one of the largest in the, and still in  credited with a  of 500,000, in the  of , on the great , 55s west-north-west of. The site is practically a cluster of s to the east of, and s and s give with most parts of. The s are about 10s in and there are four large s. Su-chow is a great  and  centre, the   being represented by a greater variety of goods than are produced anywhere else in ; and the  of cheap editions of the  is carried to great perfection. There is a  to the effect that to be perfectly happy a man ought to be  in Su-chow, live in, and die in. The great nine-storied of the northern  is one of the finest in. In Su-chow was  by the, and, when in  it was recovered by the valour and enterprise of , the , which had formerly been famous for its large and handsome s, was almost reduced to a heap of ruins. Of the original splendour of the place some idea may be gathered from the beautiful native plan on a slab of preserved since  in the  of  and reproduced in Yule's Marco Polo, vol.i. Su-chow was founded in  by Ho-lu-Wang, whose  is covered by the artificial &ldquo;of the&rdquo; in the vicinity of the. The and  designation of Su-chow is Ku-su, from the great  of Ku-su-tai, built by Ho-lu-Wang. (2)Su-chow, formerly Tsiu-tsuan-tsiun, a free in the  of, in 39° 48′ 3″ N. . (according to Sosnofskii), just within the extreme north-west angle of the , near the gate of jade. It is the great centre of the, and used to be the residence, alternately with , of the  of. Completely destroyed in the (-), it was recovered by the  in  and has been rebuilt. (3)Su-chow, a  situated in the  of  at the junction of the   with the, in 28° 46′ 50″ N..  SUCKER. See.  SUCKLING, (1609–1642), one of the most admired  and men of  at the  of, and an active spirit in  as well as in fashionable gaieties, belonged to a. His father was a high under  and a  of the household under ;  seems to have been his strong point, and he managed his own affairs so well as to accumulate a considerable fortune, of which the  was left master at the age of eighteen. His earliest fixed his  in 1613, and founded on this a