Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 21.djvu/648

622 back to the time of (–), the first universal, whose  will be ever notorious as that of the  who  the ,  the , and established his capital at Kwan-chung, the site of the modern Se-gan Foo. Under the succeeding (–) this  was called Wei-nan and Nuy-she; under the  (-) it was known as Yung Chow; under the  (–) as Kwan-nuy; under the  (–) as Yung-hing; under the  and  (–) as Gan-se; and under the  as Se-gan. During the, , and  it was the capital of , and is at the present time second only to  in size, , and importance. The, which is a , measuring 10 each way, is prettily situated on ground rising from the  , and includes within its limits the two district  of Ch'ang-gan and Hien-ning. Its are little inferior in height and massiveness to those of, while its s are handsomer and better defended than any of which  can boast. The population is said to be 1,000,000, of whom 50,000 are. Situated in the of the , along which runs the  which connects northern  with , at a point where the  opens out on the  of , Se-gan Foo occupies a  position of great importance, and repeatedly in the  of  has  been made around and within its. During the it was bed by the rebels for two s (–), but owing to the strength of the  it defied the efforts of its assailants. From its eastern side three great s radiate, one reaching to, one to , and one to ; while from it runs in a south-westerly direction the great into. It is thus admirably situated as a centre and serves as a  for the  from  and, the  from  and , and the  from  destined for the  of , , , and. Marco Polo speaking of Kenjanfu, as the was then also called, says that it was a place “of great  and. They have great abundance of, from which they  of , and  of divers kinds, and they also  all sorts of  for an. They have every necessary of man’s life very cheap.” Many of the s and public are very fine, and not a few   are found within and about the. Of these the most notable is a, The contents of this  , which consists of 1780 , may be described as follows. (1)An abstract of  of a vague and figurative kind. (2)An account of the arrival of the Olopun (probably a  form of Rabban=), from Tats'in in the , bringing  and ; of the  of the said ; of the  approval of the  and permission to  it publicly. Then follows a decree of the (, a very famous ), issued in, in favour of the new , and ordering a  to be  in the  of  and peace (Ining fang) in the capital. ’s was to be placed in this. After this comes a description of Tats’in, and then some account of the fortunes of the in. (–, the devout also of the  ler and, ), it is added, continued to favour the new. got the upper hand, but under (–) the  recovered its prestige, and Kiho, a new, arrived. Under (–) the  was erected, and this part of the  ends with a  of, a  and benefactor of the. (3)Then follows a recapitulation of the above in. The, which concludes with the  of erection, viz., , is followed by a series of short  in  and the  , containing the  of the erection, the  of the reigning  , , that of Adam,  and  of , and those of the al staff of the capital. Then follow sixty-seven of persons in  s, most of whom are characterized as, and sixty-one  of persons in , all s but one. which was accidentally discovered in in the Ch'ang-gan. The which bears the  is 7  high by 3 wide, and at present stands embedded in a , which forms part of a dilapidated. From a point of view, however, the Pei Lin or “ of ” is a place of even greater interest than the above-mentioned. For there are collected of the, , , , and  , some of which bear  legends, notably a set of   having  inscribed upon them, while others are ical or ; among these last is a full-sized likeness of. As might be expected on a site which has played so prominent a part in, antiquities are constantly being discovered in the neighbourhood of the , e.g., rich stores of  and s, bearing  ranging from  onwards.  SEGESTA, a very ancient near the north-western extremity of, so named by the natives and by the, while the called it Egesta or Ægesta. Its origin was ascribed by tradition sometimes to  and sometimes to, followers of ; the accounts agree only in making Segesta older than the   of  in the  A  named Elymi, distinct from both the  and the , occupied the country round the. The scanty references to the of Segesta show it in continual fare with the    from the   downwards. As early as it concluded an  with ; and in  a great    to, ostensibly to aid Segesta against its enemies  and , but really to attempt the conquest of the. After the destruction of the  and, the Segestans turned to the. But, when destroyed   in  and, and established the  power firmly in the western part of , Segesta sank to the position of a dependent. In it suffered a long  from  of, but at last was relieved by. In, however, the  had better success;  of  sold the inhabitants into , after  10,000 men, and changed the  of the  to Dicæopolis. But it soon recovered its old and passed again to the. In the beginning of the the Segestans ed the   and became  of. Being soon after bed by the, they were relieved by the great victory of ,  Segesta was always highly favoured by the , both on account of its early adhesion to their cause and from its supposed  origin. Its site is now deserted, having been exposed to the depredations in the ; but the ruins are very fine. Segesta was about 6s from the, and the modern of  probably occupies the site of the ancient. The, which is represented on of Segesta, is probably the  , about 6s to the south. There were and  not far from the.  SEGOVIA, a of, formerly part of , is bounded on the N. and N.E. by the  of  and , on the S.E. by those of  and , on the S.W. by , and on the N.W. by. It has an of 2670, and the  in  was 149,961. The greater portion of the country consists of a dry, lifted some 