Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 21.djvu/202

182 About 260 below Quebec, between Pointe des Monts on the north and Cape Chat on the south, the StLawrence has a width of 30 s, and, as this expanse is doubled 30 s farther seaward, Cape Chat has been considered by many geographers as the southern extremity of an imaginary line of demarcation between the StLawrence river and the gulf of the same name. It may, however, be assumed, with more propriety perhaps, taking the configuration of the gulf into special account, that Cape Gaspé, about 400 s below Quebec and 430 s from the at the east end of the Straits of Belle Isle, is the true mouth of the StLawrence river. It has been calculated by Darby, the hydrographer, that the mean discharge from the StLawrence river and gulf, from an area rather largely estimated at 565,000 square s, must be upwards of 1,000,000 cubic per second, taking into account the mean discharge at Niagara, which is 389,000 cubic  per second from a drainage area of 237,000 square s, and bearing in mind the well-ascertained fact that the tributaries of the lower StLawrence, coming from mountainous woody regions where snow falls from 4 to 8  in depth, deliver more water per square  than its upper tributaries. The great prosperity and growth of Canada are owing no doubt to its unrivalled system of intercommunication by canal and river with the vast territories through which the StLawrence finds its way from the far-off regions of the to the seaboard. This great auxiliary of the railways (by means of which trade is now carried on at all seasons) must therefore be prominently taken into account in considering the transport routes of the future, their chief use being, as far as the conveyance of traffic over long distances is concerned, to augment, in the shape of feeders, the trade of the river, as long as it keeps open, and when it closes to continue the circulation of by sledges until the ice breaks up and restores the river to its former activity. By the published statistics of the harbour commissioners of Montreal it appears that during the ten 1870–79 the opening of the navigation at Montreal varied between 30th March and 1st May, and the close of the navigation between 26th November and 2d January, and that, whilst the first arrival from sea varied from 20th April to 11th May, the last departure to sea only varied from 21st November to 29th November during the ten.

1em  ST LEONARDS is the given to the western and more modern part of, a  on the  of,. StLeonards proper, which formed only a small part of the district now included under that, was at one time a separate. The of StLeonards in  was 7165.  ST LEONARDS,, (1781–1875), lord chancellor of England, was the son of a hairdresser in Duke Street, Westminster, and was born in February 1781. After practising for some years as a conveyancer, he was called to the bar at Lincoln’s Inn in 1807, having already published his well-known treatise on the Law of Vendors and Purchasers. In 1822 he was made king’s counsel and chosen a bencher of Lincoln’s Inn. He was returned at different times for various s to the House of Commons, where he made himself prominent by his opposition to the Reform Bill of 1832. He was appointed solicitor-general in 1829, was named lord chancellor of Ireland in 1834, and again filled the same office from 1841 to 1846. Under Lord Derby’s first administration in 1852 he became lord chancellor and was raised to the peerage as Lord StLeonards. In this position he devoted himself with energy and vigour to the reform of the law; Lord Derby on his return to power in 1858 again offered him the same office, which from considerations of health he declined. He continued, however, to take an active interest especially in the legal matters that came before the House of Lords, and bestowed his particular attention on the reform of the law of property. He died at Boyle Farm, Thames Ditton, 29th January 1875.

1em  ST LÔ, a of, chef-lieu of the of, on the right  of the , 195 s west by north of  by the  which here breaks up into two branches for  and  respectively. The old stands on a y  (110  high) commanding ; the modern  spreads out below. Notre Dame is a  of the, with portal and two  of the. In the - is the, commemorating the  held in  under the  and now serving as a  for the  of  the , who was  at StLô. The has some good, and in the  of StCroix there are  of the. The Champs de Mars is a fine place. , and , -,  and , are the local. The in  was 9889 (10,121 in the ).

1em  ST LOUIS, the capital of or, , and known to the natives as far as  as N’dar, is built on an  10  above the  of the  , near the right , which is there a narrow strip of —the Langue de Barbarie—occupied by the  of N’dar Toute and Guet N’dar. Two on piles connect the  with the s; and the Pont Faidherbe, 2132  long and  in, affords  with , a  and the terminus of the , on the left. The of the an portion of StLouis have for the most part flat, , and s. Besides the ’s  the most prominent  are the , the great , the -, and the 