Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 17.djvu/557

Rh NING-PO, or undefined (i.e., of the Hospitable s), a great  of, one of the five s thrown open to  in  by the  of, and the principal  of the  of , stands in a fine  bounded by  towards the west, on the left  of the Takia or Ning-po , about 16 s from its , in 29° 51′N. and 121° 32′E. It is surrounded by a fine old, 25 high and 16  broad, pierced by six s and two passages for s in its circuit of 4 to 5 s. Just within the s there is a considerable belt of open ground, and in many places the s are thickly covered with  and. In ascending the a stranger’s eye is first caught by the numerous huge  with high ed s and by a tall white —the Tien-fung-tah or Ning-po  or —which rises to a height of 160, and has fourteen stories and seven tiers of s, but has unfortunately been stripped of its galleries and otherwise damaged. Another striking in the heart of the  is the , dating from before the. As is natural in a place long celebrated for its and al pre-eminence, there is no lack of s,, and s, but few of these are of any  significance. is the ordinary material, and the dwelling-s are mostly of one story. s, s, s,, white- , and s are the chief products of the local. Large are carried on in the vicinity, and thousands of  are engaged, mainly between  and, in catching the. In spite of the powerful competition of, Ning-po has a valuable. It is regularly visited by the s of the   and the  Merchants. From 216,191 register s in the  of the  had increased to 303,109 in ,—  having advanced from 18,592  to 86,175, and   from 17,972 to 209,487, though on the other hand the  total had sunk from 170,351 to 2100. The principal is, 982,507 being the average value of the  quantity between  and. for packing was formerly a leading item, but it now enters mainly by other. or,  s,  (from the  district),  s, , and  are among the chief ; in  (the maximum ) the  numbered 13,724,822, though in  they had only amounted to 40,000, and the , mainly despatched to , average from 500,000 to 1,000,000. After the storming of —the  at the  of  on  10,, the  quietly took possession of Ning-po on the 12th. In the  held the  for six s.  are maintained in Ning-po by the, by the  , the  , the , the  Inland  , &c. A  was instituted in. The of the  and  is estimated at from 400,000 to 500,000.  NINIAN ( or ), undefined, was, according to the earliest account of him we possess, that of Bede (H.E., iii.4), a of the of the  who had been  at  in the  and  of the, and who  at Leukopibia (a  of Ptolemy’s, on the west side of  , the modern ) a  , called Candida Casa, dedicated to  of. He is said to have the  to the south of the. An old account mentions that he spent his last s in, where he founded a  in  called Cluain Conaire; he was afterwards commemorated there under the name of Monenn (“Nenn” being simply “Ninian” with the  mo, or “my,” prefixed). There is some evidence that the founding of Candida Casa took place in the of the death of  of. The of Ninian’s own death is unknown; he is commemorated in the   on 16. See Skene, Celtic Scotland, vol.ii. A Life of St Ninian, compiled in the by  of, and  by the late Bishop Forbes, is given in the fifth volume of The Historians of Scotland, ,.  NIOBE is a figure who appears in the of many parts of, especially, , and the. Proud of her numerous, she scoffed at as the mother of only two children. and, the children of , slew all her children with their ; and Niobe, after vainly trying to defend them, over them till she became a  which still  incessantly. It is probable that this was in its simplest form a  of the  destruction of the  of  by the shafts of the cruel -, and that Niobe was a form of the, the  of all ly , whose progeny is thus slain every. The read in this  a   of the instability of  : Niobe became a representative of , ever liable to become proud in prosperity and to forget the submission and respect due to the. In this form the has found permanent acceptance in  and. The of Niobe was adopted from the local legends of the ; here it is probable that Niobe was originally a title of the, the  ped all round the   of. An archaic of the,  in the northern side of the  near , gave rise to the  current in this district, that Niobe had thrown herself down from the , or that she had been turned into. It seems necessary to distinguish from this archaic figure, which is still visible, the “Niobe” described by Pausanias and Quintus Smyrnæus, both natives of the district. This was an appearance assumed by a in  when seen from a distance and from the proper point of view. In these later the genuine old local  had been replaced by a new form, founded on the  as developed by the ; the archaic figure  in the  was known by the natives to be an image of the, whom they ped there  by. But, as with every other point in the in its most developed form, the natives had a local representative, of the Niobe, the, which they saw in the heart of.

1em  NIOBIUM, a very rare which was discovered by in  as a component of the  of. In it, as also in,, , and a few other rare , it is constantly associated with , which was discovered by in. Both s, with, form a kind of appendage to the group of. Like these they are capable of forming  and corresponding  and. The and, NbOCl₃ and NbOF₃, were originally thought by  to be peculiar (unmixed)  and  of niobium, until  ascertained their true nature. The of the two  are Ta=182 and Nb=94.