Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 17.djvu/387

Rh other independent. It has an admirably free  system. There are three well-appointed. The has six , four  and two , besides two  morning s and a ly.

1em 1em 1em  NEWARK, a of the, capital of Licking county,, is situated on the Licking river and on the Ohio and Erie Canal, and is 33 from  by the railway to. It is a flourishing agricultural and industrial centre, with extensive railway shops, foundries, and manufactories of glass, paper, steam-engines, and agricultural implements; and sandstone quarries and coal-mines are worked in the neighbourhood. Some of the most extensive and interesting of the earth-work remains of the prehistoric inhabitants of North America are found here. The was 3654 in 1850, 6698 in 1870, and 9602 in 1880.  NEWARK,, (–1682), a celebrated Scottish military character during the civil war, was born in, the fifth son of Patrick Leslie of Pitcairley, commendator of Lindores, and Lady Jane Stuart, daughter of the first earl of Orkney. In his early life he served in the armies of Gustavus Adolphus, where he rose to the rank of colonel of horse. On his return he was appointed major-general in the army that was sent into England under the earl of Leven to assist the Parliament. This army engaged the Royalists under Prince Rupert at Marston Moor, and totally defeated them, in July 1644. When Scotland after the battle of Kilsyth was at the mercy of Montrose and his army, Leslie was recalled from England in 1645, and made lieutenant-general of horse. In September he defeated Montrose at Philiphaugh near Selkirk, with great loss, and was rewarded by the committee of estates for this service with a present of 50,000 merks and a gold chain. He completely suppressed the civil war in Scotland in 1647, was declared lieutenant-general of the forces, and, in addition to his pay as colonel, had a pension of £1000 a settled on him. Leslie then returned to England, and was present at the siege of. On his return to Scotland he reduced several of the Highland clans that supported the cause of the king. In 1649 he purchased the lands of Abercrombie and St Monance, Fifeshire. In 1650 he was sent against Montrose, whom he made prisoner; and on the resignation of the earl of Leven he was appointed to the chief command of the army raised on behalf of Charles II. He baffled the forces of Cromwell, who was then invading Scotland, by shutting him up in Dunbar, and would have cut off his whole army, but, yielding to the advice of the church and state committee, he rashly left his commanding position on the Doon Hill, and was signally defeated on the 3d September 1650. After various skirmishes Leslie afterwards accompanied Charles to Worcester, where he was lieutenant-general under the king, who commanded in person. On the defeat of the royal army, Leslie, intercepted in his retreat through Yorkshire, was committed to the Tower, where he remained till the Restoration in 1660. He was fined £4000 by Cromwell’s “Act of Grace” in 1654. He was in 1661 created Lord Newark, and received a pension of £500 per. He died in 1682. The title became extinct in 1790.  NEW BEDFORD, a and port of entry of the, one of the capitals of Bristol county, , stretches for several  along the west side of the estuary of the Acushnet river, which opens into Buzzard Bay, and forms an excellent harbour. It is 56 almost due south of  by the Old Colony Railroad. Of the fact that it has been for a long time one of the wealthiest cities in New Bedford affords abundant indications in the character both of its private residences and of its public enterprises and numerous charitable institutions. Among the more conspicuous buildings are the city-hall, constructed of granite in 1839, the custom-house (1836) also of granite, the almshouse (1846), and the public library. This last was erected in 1857 at a cost of $45,000, the city having taken over the “Social Library,” founded in 1803; in 1863 the development of the institution and the cause of liberal education generally were stimulated by a bequest of $100,000 from Miss Sylvia A. Howland. The same lady left a similar sum for the construction of water-works; and in 1867–69 a total of about $1,000,000 was spent in connecting the city with a reservoir for 300,000,000 gallons supplied by the upper 