Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 17.djvu/386

370 was commenced 11th May 1646. There is a very beautiful and interesting cross (the “Beaumond” cross) of the in good preservation in the town. A grammar and song school was founded in the reign of Henry VIII., and endowed by Archdeacon Magnus. The other principal public buildings are the town-hall in the Grecian style (erected in 1774), the corn exchange (1848), the Stock library and Middleton newsroom (1828), the mechanics’ institution (1836), the new hospital (1881, a very fine building). Two elegant buildings—a coffee palace and a free library—were given to the town in 1882. By means of the Trent navigation Newark carries on a large trade in coal, corn, and cattle. The manufacture of malt is by far the chief source of wealth in the town. There are iron and brass foundries, boiler-works, agricultural implement manufactories, and breweries. Gypsum and limestone are obtained in the neighbourhood, and plaster of Paris is extensively manufactured. The of the municipal and parliamentary  (area 1933 acres) in 1871 was 12,195, which in 1881 had increased to 14,018.

1em

1em  NEWARK, the principal of the of,, is situated in  , on the west  of the  , 4  above , and covers an  of about 18. The original site was a crescent-shaped, or double chain of low , extending from north-east to south-west, now much changed by levelling and cutting. The main part of the is on the lower ground which stretches east and south towards the Newark and. The surface is, in general, well adapted for and. The is mild, tempered by the proximity of  and the  (12  distant), and the place bears a good reputation for healthfulness. The comes from the. There are about 130 of, generally wide and well-shaded, one-fifth of which are. The principal, Broad Street (120 wide), is lined throughout a good part of its length with fine old s, and where not occupied by  premises is fronted by numerous handsome s. There are several small , the principal of which are Military and Washington , bordering on Broad Street. The  are for the most part unsightly and unsuitable; on the other hand, the  is not overburdened by  or by heavy. Notwithstanding that the central portion of Newark is but 9 distant from the general in  ,—being considerably nearer that point than are the northern portions of   proper—Newark has more the character of an independent  than a. This it owes in part to its situation within another, but still more to its independent and distinctive interests. Even prior to it was called “the  of .” In  a very successful exhibition, consisting of the  of Newark, greatly stimulated the  of. The of  gives the following  of  for Newark:—

The principal are—, and,  (a substitute for, , &c.) and  goods, ,  and ,  and  making,  , ,  (mostly  ) and , ,  and , ,  works,  and  , , , &c., , and  and. There are also large, , and - , and an extensive , together  about 3000 hands.

The facilities of Newark are abundant, and four great  of —the, the , , and Western, the , , and Western, and the Central  of  —give ready  with all parts of the , and with the   at  and in. Newark is intersected by the, and has considerable by way of the. The has 112  and :—, 23;, 1; , 1; , 2; , 9; , 13; , 12; , 1; , 22; , 4; , 11; ish s, 3; besides , , , Independent , and 