Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 14.djvu/102

90 by. From in to  in  it was the place where the   were ed. Kingston returned members to from the  of  to the  of  It received a  of  from, which was confirmed and extended by several subsequent. In the  of Kingston, no trace of which now remains, was taken by  In  it was made the rendezvous of forces designed for the release of  from the, but in the skirmish near the  the Royalists were defeated, and  was killed. See Roots, Charters of the Town of Kingston,, and the histories of the town by Anderson,, and Biden,.  KINGSTON-UPON-HULL. See,.  KINGSTON, (–), boys’ ist, was born in, 28,. Much of his youth was spent at, where his father was a , but when he joined his father in , and afterwards when he carried on for himself, he lived chiefly in. In his first, The Circassian Chief, appeared, and its success led to the  in  of The Prime Minister, a Story of the Days of the Great Marquis of Pombal. The Lusitanian Sketches that appeared soon after describe Kingston’s travels in. In Peter the Whaler, his first book for boys, came out. That and its immediate successors were received with such unequivocal popularity that Kingston retired from, and devoted himself to the production of tales of adventure for boys. Within thirty he wrote upwards of one hundred and thirty such s. He travelled at various times in many of the  of, and lived for a while in  during the  there. His Western Wanderings, in, describes a tour in. In all Kingston took deep interest; he was the promoter of the mission to seamen; and he acted as  of a society for promoting an improved system of. He was a supporter of the movement in  from the first. For his services in bringing about a  between  and  he was ed by the  of ; and his  were recognized at home by a  from. He died at, 5,. Kingston’s boyish ambition had been to enter the, and he always kept his affection for the. As he advanced in life he had opportunities of cruising in, besides in and his own ; and it was thus that he gained the knowledge of practical  that he used so graphically in his. Most of his stories are stories of the ; and he generally laid his plots in the old romantic days before ’s en walls had given place to. He was a master of the simple romance in which boys delight, and knew well how to draw the peculiar compound of valour and magnanimity that forms the to healthy boyhood. He had great assimilative power in using the accounts of travellers in where he had never been; and his imagination supplied him abundantly with gallant adventures, thrilling dangers, and hairsbreadth escapes. His are useful in insinuating knowledge whilst they are giving pleasure, and they are valuable inasmuch as their whole tone is pure, wholesome, and manly. Characteristic specimens of his works are The Three Midshipmen; The Three Lieutenants; The Three Commanders; and The Three Admirals. Occasionally his were not in the form of a story; and some of them are designed for adult readers.  KINGSTOWN, a of, in the  of, is situated at the south-eastern extremity of , 6  south-east from  by. It is a large and favourite, and possesses several fine  and terraces commanding picturesque  views. The original name of Kingstown was Dunleary, which was exchanged for the present designation after the embarkation of at the  on his return from  in, an event which is also commemorated by a   erected near the. The was a mere   until the  of an extensive, begun in  from designs by , and finally completed in , at a cost of 825,000. The eastern has a length of 3500, and the western of 4950 , the total area enclosed being about 250 , with a varying depth of from 15 to 27. Kingstown is the station of the packets to  in connexion with the  and North-Western. It has a large and   both with  and foreign, but as its  returns are now included in those of the  of , it is impossible to give accurate details. The principal are, and the principal   and provisions. The  exceeds 2000. By the s’ Improvement Act of, Kingstown, with several surrounding districts, was formed into a , having an area of 1450 s. The in  was 14,257, which in  had increased to 16,378, and in  to 18,230.  KING-TIH CHIN, a near in the  of,, and the principal seat of the   in. Being situated on the south of the , it was in ancient times known as Chang-nan Chin, or “ on the south of the  .” It is , and stretches along the  of the  in a somewhat straggling way. The are narrow, and crowded with a  which is reckoned at a million, the vast majority of whom find  at the. Since the (–) this has been the great  of the place, which was then called by its earlier name. In the reign of King-tih of the (–) a  was founded there for making  and objects of  for the use of the. Hence its adoption of its present title. Since the time of the a  has been specially appointed to superintend the  and to despatch at regulated intervals the imperial  to. The is situated on a vast  surrounded by, and boasts of three thousand. These constantly burning s are the causes of frequent conflagrations, and at night give the the appearance of a place on. The people are as a rule orderly, though they have on several occasions shown a hostile bearing towards visitors. This is probably to be accounted for by a desire to keep their as far as possible a, and is after all only an extreme interpretation of the  which forbids strangers to lodge in the. This feeling appears less unreasonable when it is remembered that the two kinds of of which the  is made are not found at King-tih Chin, but are brought from  in the neighbouring  of, and that there is therefore no reason why the  should be necessarily maintained at that place. The two kinds of are known at pih-tun-tsze, which is a fine fusible  powder, and, which is not fusible, and which it is said gives strength to the  (see ). Both materials are prepared in the shape of at, and are brought down the  to the seat of the.  KINO, an astringent drug introduced into European medicine in 1757 by Fothergill, an eminent physician and patron of economic botany. When described by him it was believed to have been brought from the river Gambia 