Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 12.djvu/343

Rh Oder or Hudard, a ; but its importance dates from the establishment of the   within the. It is the principal seat of the fancy  in ; and it exceeds every other place in the variety of its  of this class of  s, which includes s,, ,   and , , , , , fancy dress , , len s, , a few , and a large number of. It also possesses and   s, ,  works for ,  , and the  used in the various ,  works, , - and   , and three. is carried on in the surrounding s, but to a much less extent than formerly. A for  is held y.  is abundant in the vicinity. There is a ous in the Lockwood ward, with warm, cold, vapour, and shower. At Almondbury, 2 s distant from the centre of the, there was at one time a , and by some writers the  station Cambodunum, mentioned by Antonine, is believed to have been situated there; recent s, however, have proved almost conclusively that at , just outside the opposite boundary of the , was the real Cambodunum. Kirklees, 3 s from Huddersfield, is popularly supposed to have been the -place of. Since Huddersfield has returned one member to, and it became a   in , with 12 wards, and a  council of 56 members. The of the  was greatly increased at the time of its. The of the ary  is 10,998 s, and that of the   10,498 s. The  of the ary  in  was 34,877; and in, owing chiefly to the increased , it was 74,358. The of the   in  was estimated at 81,780.  HUDSON, a of the, capital of, , is situated on the left  of the   at the head of , and on the  and  and  , 114  north of. It stands on the of a picturesque elevation called Prospect, which after rising abruptly 60  from the , slopes gradually to an  of 500. The high projects into the  in the form of a bold, affording a delightful , and having on either side a fine  with depth of  sufficient for the largest. The are situated at the foot of the  and along the margin of these s. The  is for the most part regularly, with s crossing each other at , and a public square situated immediately above the. Works to the  with  have lately been  at a cost of 250,000 s. The principal s are the,  of  and  and surmounted by a , the  and , and the. The is also well supplied with other s, and possesses three. Hudson at one time vied as a  with, and, although both its   and its  have now been abandoned, it still carries on an important  , and has regular   with  and. It also possesses large  works, a -, a, a -, , -, and  for s, s, ,  s, and. Hudson was settled in, being then known as Claverack Landing. It became a in. The, which in was 8615, was 8669 in.  HUDSON RIVER, or, one of the largest and noblest s of the , and the principal of the  of , is formed by the confluence of two small streams which rise in the  s in. About the middle of  the  is joined by another of nearly equal size, the, which also has its rise in. After receiving the  10  further south, the Hudson flows irregularly in an easterly direction to, after which it keeps a very straight course almost due south until it falls into. At it receives the, whose volume of  is greater than its own, and at  the , but its other tributaries, though numerous, are unimportant. Its total length is about 300, and the length of its course from 190. At, near , it makes a precipitous descent of 50 , whence there are various rapids of different velocities until it reaches. It is nearly up to, and the fall from , 6  below , to the  of the , a distance of 145 , is only 5. By means of a lock and it is  to, a short distance above , but large  do not proceed further up than , 29  below , and 116 from the  of the. A short distance below the  has been obstructed by shifting, the point at which the difficulties are most formidable being the &ldquo;overslaugh&rdquo; at , but extensive operations have been for some time carried on in order to effect a permanent remedy for the obstructions. The breadth of the at  is about 300 s, and thence to, distant 34  from , it varies from 300 s to 900 s. From  to  it expands into , with a length of 12  and a breadth of from 4 to 5, after which it narrows to a breadth of between 1 and 2. The scenery of the is for the most part varied and beautiful, generally picturesque, and in many places in the highest degree striking and magnificent. In the upper part the views though not tame are a little monotonous, the gently sloping, with the variegated of  and  and the occasional occurrence of a  or , repeating one another without any marked feature to break their regularity. Below, for a considerable distance, the number of s renders much care in necessary. Thirty from  noble views begin to be obtained of the  s, towering up on the west, the nearest eminence at the distance of about 7. Forty-six below  is the large and flourishing  of, and 14  further down the prosperous  of , a short distance below which, at the favourite summer resort of , the  enters the , passing between a series of  whose frequently precipitous sides rise often abruptly from the 's edge. The views in this part of the are of a character in some respects unparalleled, and at several points they have an impressiveness and surprising grandeur rarely equalled. The distance through which the traverses this  scenery is about 16, and about 10  after it is entered  is reached, a favourite landing place of tourists, the seat of the   , and  interesting on account of , now in ruins,  during the  of , at which time a  was stretched across the  to prevent the passage of. After passing the pretty of  the  widens into  Bay, at the extremity of which is the headland of. Below is the wider expanse of, upon which stands , famous both and from 