Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 12.djvu/280

268 268 HOKTICULTUKE [FRUITS. Cibotium Barometz, Chamissoi, ( glaucum, Menziesii, pruinosum, regale, and Schiedei. Cionidium Moorei. Ci/athea arborea, .canaliculate, excclsa, insigms (Cibotium princeps), and serra. Davallia aculeata, bullata, dissecta, divaricata (polyantha), clata, elegaus, fljiensis, Mooreana, ornata, peiitaphylla, sulida, and tenuifolia. Dennstcedtia cicutaria. Deparia prolifera. Dicksonia chrysotricha. Dictyoxiphium, pananiense. Didyuwchlcena lunulata. Diplaziwn alternifolium, celtidifolium, grandifolium, Shepherdil, striatnm, sylvaticum, and zeylanicum. Dori/opteris collina, nobilis, palmate, and sagittsefolia. Drynaria coronans, diversit olia, morbillosa, and quercifolia. El aphoglossum cuspidatum, L llerininieri, scolopendrifoliom, squamosum, and numerous other species. Gleichenia dicliotoma, furcata, pectinate, and pubescens. Goniophlebium appendiculatum, colpodes, laehnopus, Lepidopteris, lori- ceum, squamatum, subauriculatum, and veiTUcosum. Goniopteris asplenioides, crenata, Qhiesbreghtil, refracta, and reptans. Gymnogrramma chrysopnylla and its variety Parsonsii ; flexnosa, L Her- minieri, Pearcei, peruviana and its variety argyrophy lla ; pulchella, sul- phurea, tartarea, trifoliata, and Wettenhalliana. Hemitelia grandifolia, horrida, Karsteniana, and speciosa. llumata alpina, heterophylla, and pedata. Hymenodiiun crinitnm. Hymenophylluin, any of the species. Hymenostachys elegans. Hypolepis repens. Lastrea augescens, deltoidea, patens, recedens, and strigosa (crinita). Lindscea cultrata, guianensis, and trapeziformis. Litobrochia aurita, denticulata, macroptera, podophylla, and tripartite. Lomaria attenuate, fraxiiiifolia, L Herminieri, and onocleoides. Lygodictyon Forsteri. Lygodiutn flexuosum, venustum, and volubile. Microlepia hirta cristata. Nephrodium articulatum, cyatheoides, Hookerii, pteroides, truncatum, unitum, and venustum. Nephrolepis davallioides and its variety furcans; Duffii, ensifolia, exaltata, pectinata, pluma, tuberosa, and undulata. Niphobolus costatus, Gardner!, and pertusus. Nothochlcena flavens, nivea, rufa, sinuata, and trichomanoides. Oleandra articulata, ueriiforinis, and nodosa. Olfersia cervina. Onyehium auratum. Osmunda palustris (evergreen). Phlebodium areolatum, aureum, pnlvinatum, and sporadocarpum. Platycerium alcicorneand its variety majus; biforme, graude, Hillii, Stem- inaria, Wallichii, and Willinckii. Pleocnemia Leuzeana. Pleopeltis albo-squamata, incurvata, leiorhiza, longissima, andPhymatodes. Polybotrya caudata and osmundacea. Poli/podiiiin, Diana;, Paradises;, pectinatum, and Schkuhrii. Polystichum coniifoliuin, denticulatum, lentuni, ordinatum, triangulum, and viviparum. Pteris argyrea, aspericaulis, longifolia, quadriaurita, scmipinnata, tricolor, serrulata and its many varieties. Sadleria cyatheoides. Sagenia cicutaria, macrophylla, Pica, and repanda. Schizcea dicliotoma and elegans. Stenosemia aurita. Thamnopteris australasica and Xidus. Thyrsopteris elegans. Trichoinanes, any of the species. Select Greenhouse Ferns. Acrophorim hispidus (Davallia Novaj-Zelandia;). Adiantum atfine, assimile, cuneatuni, decorum, excisum and its variety multitldum; formosum, glaucophyllum, hispidulum, reniforme, and sul- phureum. Alsophila australis, capensis, excelsa, and Leichardtiana. Asplenium appendiculatum, bulbiferum, Colensoi, compressum, dimor- phum, Dregcanuni, flabellifolium, flaccidum, Hemionitis (palmatum), lucidum, monanthemum, obtusatum, polyodon, and prajmorsum. Balantium Culcita. Blechnum australe and scrrulatum. Cetcrach aureum. Cheilanthes alabamensis, argentea, capensis, fragrans, hirta Ellisiana, micromera, mierophylla, pteroides, and tenuifolia. Ci/athea Burkei, Cunniughamii, dealbata, Dregei, medullaris, and Smithii. Cyrtomium caryotideum, falcatum, and Fortune!. Davallia canariensis and pyxidata. Dennstcedtia davallioides Youngii. Dicksonia antarctica, Berteroana, Sellowiana, squarrosa, and Youngii. Doodia aspera and its varieties nmltiflda and corymbifera ; blechnoides, caudata and its variety confluens; and media. Gleichenia circinata and its variety glauca ; Cunniughamii, dicarpa, flabellata, hecistophylla, rupestris, semivestita, and Speluncse. Humata Tyermanni. Hymenophylluin eeruginosum, crispatum, cmentum, demissuni, dilatatum, flabellatum, Hexuosum, fuciforme, polyanthos, pulcherrimum, and scabrum. Hypolejns Bergiana, distans, Millefolium, and tenuifolia. Lastrea aristata variegata, decomposite, decurrens, elongata, erythrosora, glabclla, hispida, laserpitiifolia, Sieboldii, ami varia. Litobrochia comans, macilenta, and vespertilionis. Llavea cordifolia. Lomaria australis, blechnoides, capensis, ciliata, discolor and its variety bipinnatinda; dura, fluviatilis, Fraseri, gilil)a and its variety Bellii; Gilliesii, lanceolata, magellanica, nuda, obtusata, Patersoni, and procera. LozKoma Cunninghamii. Microlepia cristata, platyphylla, scabra, and strigosa. Niphobolua heteractis, Lingua, and rupestris. Nothochlcena canariensis, Eckloniana, Itevis, lanuginosa, and Marantoe. Platyloma atropurpureum, bellum, Brownii, Calomelaiios, cordatum, falcatum, flexuosum, and rotundifolium. Pleopeltis Billardieri and pustulata. Polystichum capense, falcinellum, frondosum, lepidocaulon, proliferum, tripte ron, venustum, and vestitum. Pteris arguta, crenata, cretica albo-lineata, hastata, Kingiana, longifolia, semipinuata, serrulata and its many garden sports (angustata, Applebyana, corymbifera, cristata, cristata variegata, Goeziana, polydactyla, semifastigiata, Leyi, and h mbriata), tremula, and umbrosa. Todca barbara (africana), Fraseri, hymenophylloides (pellucida), and superba. Trichomanes elongatum, reuiforme, and venosum. Woodsia mollis. Yuodwardia orientalis, and radicaus with its variety cristata. Select Hardy Ferns. Adiantum Capillus Veneris and the varieties iiicisum, magnificum, and cornubiense ; and pedatum. Alloswus crispus. Axplcnium Adiantum nigrum and the variety grandiseps; alternans, angustifolium, ebeneum, fontanum ; lanceolatum and the variety microdon; marinum and the varieties ramosnm, trapeziforme, subbipinnatum, and crenatum ; Trichoinanes and the varieties incisum, Moulei, ramosum, multi- fldum, and cristatnm. Athyriuin Filix fuemina and the varieties corymbiferum, crispum, Frizellia;, Applebyanum, grand iceps, plumosum, Victoria;, apiculatum, acrocladon, apuaiforme, coronatum, Klwovthii, gracillimum, Grantise, marinum, multi- ceps, multifidum, polyclados, polydactylon, thyssanotum, &c. ; and Gorin- giauum pictum. Blechnum Spicant and the varieties imbricatum, rnultifurcatum, ramosum. Camptosorus rliizophyllus. Ceterach officinarum. Cyrtomium falcatum. Cystopteris bulbifera, fragilis and the varieties angustata and Dickieana ; montana, and sudetica. Dennstcedtia punctilobula (Dicksonia pilosiuscula). Dictyogramma japonica. Diplazium lanceum and thelypteroides. Gleichenia alpina. Ilijmenophijllum tunbridgense and unilaterale. Lastrea ocmula (fccnisecii), atrata, cristata; dilatata and its varieties Chanterix, dumetorum, lepidota ; erythrosora ; Filix mas and the varieties Bollanditc, cristata, cristata angustata, grandiceps, paleacea, Pinderi ; Goldieana, marginalis; montana and tlie varieties crispa, cristata, Kowelliana ; noveboraceusis, remota, rigida, spinulosa and Thelypteris. Lomaria alpina and chileiisis. Lygodium palmatum. Nothochlcena Marantac and vestita. Onoclea sensibilis. Onyehium lucidum (japonicum). Osmunda cinnamomea, spectabilis, gracilis, Claytoniana (intcrrupta), rcgalis and its variety cristata. Polypodium alpestre and its variety flexile ; Dryopteris, Krameri, Phego- pteris, Robertianum (calcareum), vulgare and its varieties cambricum, cristetum, omuilacerum, pulcheriimum, semilacerum, and cornubiense. Polystichum acrostichoides ; aculcatum and its varieties lobatum, multi fidum, acrocladon, ivc. ; angulare and its varieties cristatum, grandiceps, Iloleanae, parvissimum, Pateyi, polydactylum, proliferum, proliferum Wol- lastoni, rotnndatum, grandidcns, imbricatum, plumosum, Kitsonioe, ptero- phornm, tripinnatum, Ac. ; falcinellum, Lonchitis, and setosum. Pteris acjuilina, cretica albo-lineata, and scaberula. Scolopendrium vulgare and its varieties acrocladon, Claphamii, columnare, Coolingii, crispum, crispum fertile, crispum minus, crispum latiim, cristatum, laceratum, marginatum, multifidum, Stansfieldii, and many others. fStruthiopteris germanica, japonica, and pennsylvanica. Trichoinanes radicans. WoodtAa alpina, ilvensis, obtusa, and polystichoides Veitchii. Woodwardia areolata, japonica, and virginica. See FERNS, vol. ix. pp. 100-107. VI. Fruits. 114. Fruit Tree Borders. No pains should be spared, in the preparation of fruit tree borders, to secure their thorough drainage. The soil is sometimes placed upon a pavement flooring supported by stone or brick piers, with a cavity below of 1 8 inches or 2 feet deep, into which air is admitted by small vertical eyes, placed along the edges of the walk, and covered with open iron gratings. This arrangement is expensive, and the same advantages can generally be secured by placing over the sloping bottom a good layer of coarse rubbly material, communicating with a drain in front to carry off the water, while earthenware drain tubes may be laid beneath the rubble from 8 to 10 feet apart, so as to form air drains, and provided with openings both at the side of the walk and also near the base of the wall. Over this rubbly matter, rough turfy soil, grass-side down wards, should be laid, and on this the good prepared soil in which the trees are to be planted. Such an elaborate system of drainage is necessary only in the case of adhesive clayey subsoils. The borders should consist of three parts rich turfy cal careous loam, the top spit of a pasture, and one part light gritty earth, such as road-grit, with a small portion (one- sixth) of fine lime and brick rubbish. They should not be less than 12 feet in breadth, and may vary up to 15 or 18 feet, with a fall from the wall of about 1 inch in 3 feet. The border itself should be raised a foot or more above the general level. The bottom of the border as well as that of the drain must be kept lower than the general level of the subsoil, else the soakage will gather in all the little de-