Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 11.djvu/854

816 cloister, migrated along with eighteen of her nuns to a new convent at Rupertsberg near Bingen, over which she pre- sided during the remainder of her life. By means of voluminous correspondence, as well as by extensive Journeys, in the course of which she was unwearied in the exercise of her gift of prophecy, she wielded for many years an increasing influence upon her contemporaries,—an influence doubtless due to the fact that she herself was so fully imbued with the most widely diffused feelings and beliefs, fears and hopes, of her time. Amongst her correspondents were Popes Anastasius IV. and Hadrian IV., the emperors Conrad III. and Frederick I., and also the theologian Guibert of Gembloux, who submitted numerous questions in dogmatic for her determination. It deserves to be specially mentioned to her credit that, though zealously opposed to the Catharists, she stood almost alone in maintaining that the image of God ought to be respected even in them, and that therefore they ought not to be killed. She died in, but has never been canonized; her name, however, was received into the Roman martyrology in the , September 17th being the day fixed for her commemoration. Her biography, which was written by two contemporaries, Godefridus and Theodoricus, was first printed at Cologne in, and has frequently been reproduced in various forms since.

1em  HILDEN, a town of Prussia, in the government and circle of Diisseldorf, on the Itterbach. It is a station on the Rhenish railway, and has a considerable manufacture of silks, both pure and imixed, calico, and machinery ; it also possesses a deaconess institute. During the last half century its growth has been rapid. While in 1816 the numbered only 2056, it amounted in 1875 to 6789. Hilden was constituted a town in 1861.  HILDESHEIM, the chief town of a district in the province of Hanover, Prussia, is beautifully situated on the right bank of the Innerste, 18 miles south-east of Hanover by railway. It has a very antique and quaint appearance, and is surrounded by old ramparts which have been converted into shady alleys and promenades. The streets are for the most part narrow and irregular, and contain many old houses with overhanging upper stories and richly and curiously adorned wooden fagades. The town is the seat of a district governorship, a high court of justice, two justice courts, a general superintendency of the Evangeli- cal Church, and a Roman Catholic chapter. The Catholic cathedral, which occupies the site of a building founded by Louis the Pious in, dates from the. It is chiefly remarkable for the antiquities and notable works of art connected with it, including the bronze doors executed by Bishop Bernward, with reliefs from the history of Adam and Christ; the so- called Trmensiiule, at one time believed to have been erected, before it was transferred to its present site, in honour of the Saxon idol Irmin, but now regarded as belonging to an old Roman aqueduct; the Christ column by Bishop Bernward, adorned with reliefs from the history of the Saviour; a brazen font of the, two candelabra of the , the sarcophagus of St Godehard, the tomb of St Epiphanius, and an immense number of minor articles of ecclesiastical furniture. The rose-bush on the wall of the crypt is alleged to be a thousand years old. Among the other churches those of special interest are St Godehard’s church, completed in and restored in 1863, a remarkably fine specimen of the Romanesque style, with three massive pyramidal towers ; the church of St Michael, an almost equally fine specimen of Romanesque, founded by Bishop Bernward, and restored in after injury by fire, containing a beauti- ful painted ceiling of the, and the tomb and monument of Bishop Bernward; St Magdalene’s church, which possesses various works in metal by Bishop Bern- ward ; St Martin’s church, now used as a museum and library; the Lutheran church of St Andrew, with very lofty towers ; and the fine columnar basilica of the abbey church of Moritzburg, a suburb half a mile south-west of the town. The other principal buildings are the town- house, dating from the, and containing the archives of the town; the house in the late Gothic style said, but erroneously, to have been built by the Knights Templars ; the Michaelis monastery, now used as a lunatic asylum ; and the old Carthusian monastery. The educa- tional establishments include a Catholic and a Lutheran gymnasium, a Catholic normal school, a weaving school, and an agricultural school. The other principal public institutions are the Georgstift for daughters of state servants, the maternity hospital, two orphanages, and several other hospitals and infirmaries. The town has iron foundries, manufactures of cloth, damasks, linen fabrics, thread, sail-cloth, wadding, leather, machines, carriages, stoves, glass, tobacco, alcohol, perfumeries, chocolate, and starch. The in 1875 was 22,581.

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