Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 11.djvu/774

738  1em 1em  HERFORD, a of Prussia, capital of a circle in the government district of Minden, province of Westphalia, is situated in a beautiful and fruitful district at the confluence of the Werra and Aa, and on the Minden and Cologne railway, 19 south-west of Minden. It possesses five evangelical churches, among which may be mentioned the Miinsterkirche, a Romanesque building with a Gothic apse of the ; the Marienkirche, in the Gothic style ; and the Johanniskirche, with a tower 280 feet high. The other principal buildings are the Catholic church, the synagogue, the gymnasium founded in, the agricultural school, and the theatre. The industries include cotton and flax spinning, and the manufacture of linen cloth, furniture, sugar, tobacco, and leather. The of the town in 1875 was 11,967.

1em  HERIOT. See.  HERIOT, (–1623), the founder of Heriot’s Hospital, Edinburgh, was descended from an old family of some consideration in the county of Haddington; and his father, a goldsmith in Edinburgh, for some time represented the city in the Scottish parliament. George was born in, and after receiving a good education was apprenticed to his father’s trade. In he married the daughter of a deceased Edinburgh merchant, and with the assistance of her patrimony set up in business on his own account. At first he occupied a small “ buith” at the north-east corner of St Giles’s Church, and afterwards a more pre- tentious shop at the west end of the building. To the business of a goldsmith he joined that of a money-lender, and in he had acquired such a reputation that he was appointed goldsmith to Queen Anne, consort of James VI. In he became jeweller to the king, and on the removal of the court to London, he followed his royal master thither, and occupied a shop opposite the Exchange. Heriot was largely indebted for his fortune to the extravagance of the queen, and to the imitation of this extravagance by the nobility. Latterly he had such an extensive business as a jeweller that on one occasion a Government proclamation was issued calling upon all the magistrates of the kingdom to aid him in securing the workmen he required. He died in London, 10th February 1623. In, having some time previously lost his first wife, he married Alison Primrose, daughter of James Primrose, grandfather of the first earl of Rosebery, but she died in 1612; by neither marriage had he any issue. The surplus of his estate, after deducting legacies to his nearest relations and some of his more intimate friends, was bequeathed to found a hospital for the education of freemen’s sons of the town of Edin- burgh; and its value afterwards increased so greatly as to supply funds for the erection of several Heriot foundation schools in different parts of the city. For a notice of Heriot’s Hospital, see EprxnBurcy, vol. vii. p. 666.

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