Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 11.djvu/572

538  1em 1em 1em 1em 1em  HAXTHAUSEN, (1792–1867), baron of Haxthausen-Abbenburg, was born on his father’s estate near Paderborn in Westphalia, February 3, 1792. Educated at first at home, he proceeded in 1811 to the school of mining at Klausthalin the Harz, and after serving in the Hanoverian army in 1813-15, entered the university of Gottingen. On finishing lis course there in 1818, he occupied himself with the management of his estates, and the study of the laud laws and the legal rights of the peasantry. The result of his studies appeared in 1829 in Die Agrarverfassung und thre Conflicte, a work which attracted much attention, and procured for him an official commission to investigate and report upon the land laws of the Prussian provinces with a view to a new code. After nine years spent in laborious collation, he published in 1839 an exhaustive treatise, Die ldndliche Verfassung in den Provinzen Ost- und West-Preussen. In 1843-44, at the request of the emperor Nicholas, he undertook a similar labour for Russia. The fruits of lis investigations in that country are contained in Studien diber die inneren Zustinde, das Volksleben, und insbesondere die liéndlichen Einrichtungen Russlands (3 vols. 1847-52), in Die Kriegs- macht Russlands (1852), and in Die lindliche Verfassung Russlands (1866). In 1836 he received the honorary title of privy state-councillor, and afterwards of hereditary chamberlain of the principality of Paderborn. In 1847-48 he sat as a member of the combined diet at Berlin, and afterwards of the first Prussian chamber. After travelling through a large part of Europe, Baron Haxthausen retired to his estate. He died at Hanover, January 1, 1867.

1em   HAYDN, (–), one of the most celebrated  of the, was  at , a  in ,  31,. relates that when, not long before his death, received a picture of Haydn’s birthplace, he exclaimed “How wonderful that so great a man should have been born in a ’s .” This , which is still standing, had been by Haydn’s father, a worthy , of whose twelve children the  was