Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 11.djvu/553

Rh HAUCH, (1790–1872), Danish poet, was born of Danish parents residing at Frederikshald in Norway, on the 12th of May 1790. In 1802 he lost his mother, and in 1803 returned with his father to Denmark. In 1807 he fought as a volunteer against the English invasion. He entered the university of Copenhagen in 1808, and in 1821 took his doctor’s degree. He became the friend and associate of Stetfens and Oehlenschiliiger, warmly adopting the new views about poetry and philo- sophy. His first dramas, The Journey to Ginistan and The Power of Fancy, appeared in 1816 and 1817, and were followed by Flosvura ; but these works attracted little or no attention. Hauch therefore gave up all hope of fame asa poet, anl resigned himself entirely to the study of scieuce, to pursue which he went abroad. At Nice he had an accidant which obliged him to submit to the amputation of one fovt. He returned ts dramatie production, and publishel The Humadryadl, Bajazet, Tiberius, Gregory VIT., The Death of Charles V. (1831), and The Siege of Muestricht (1832). These plays were violently attacked by the best critical organs, an] enjoyed no success. Hauch then turned to novel-writing, and published in succession four romances —Vilhedm Zabern, 1834; Guldmageren, 1836 ; a Polish Family, 1829; and The Castle on the Rhine, 1845. In 1842 he collected his shorter Poems. In 1846 he was appointed professor of the Scandinavian languages in Kiel, but returned to Copenhagen when the war broke out in 1843. About this time his dramatic talent was at its height, and he produced one admirable tragedy after another; among these may be mentioned Svend G'rathe, 1841; Zhe Sisters at Ninnekullen, 1849; Marsk Stig, 1850; Honour Lost and Won, 1851; and Tycho Brahe's Youth, 1852. From 1858 to 1860 Hauch was director of the Danish National Theatre; he produced three more tragedies— The King’s Favourite, 1859 ; Menry of Navarre, 1863; and Julian the Apostate, 1868. In 1861 he pub- lished another collection of Poems, and in 1862 the histori- cal epic of Valdemar Atterdag. From 1851, when he succeeded Oecehlenschliger, to his death, he held the honorary post of professor of zsthetics at the university of Copenhagen. He died in Nome in 1872. Hauch was one of the most prolific of the Danish poets, and his writings are unequalin value. His lyrics and romances in verse are always fine in form and often strongly imaginative. In all his writings, but especially in his tragedies, he displays a strong bias in favour of what is mystical and supernatural. Of his dramas Marsk Stig is perhaps the best, and of his novels Vilhelm Zaubern is admired the most.  HAUFF, (1802–1827), a popular German novelist, was born at Stuttgart, 29th November 1802. Huving lost his father, who was a Government official, at the age of seven, he repaired with his mother to Tubingen, where he frequented the Schola anatolica. In 1818 he was sent to the Avos‘erschule at Blaubeuren, and two years later he entered the seminary of Tiibingen. After having com- plete, in 1824, his philosophical and theological studies and taken his dezree, he acted for two years as private tutor, anl assumed, in January 1827, the editorship of the Morgenblutt, In the following month he married, and led a happy an-l quiet life, which was ended by a fatal illness on 18th November of the same year. Hauff’s literary activity is comprised within the short space of about two years. In his IMdrchenalmanach for 1826 he published the Fairy Tales he used to relate to his pupils during his tutor- ship. They were distinguished by an originality of concep- tion, a playful though somewhat fantastic humour, and an elegance of style, not usually met with in similar produc- lions. Those fanciful tales founded his fame as a narrator, aul form, together with his subsequent novels, several of which belong to the same species, the basis of his permanent reputation as an author. His next publication, Mitthelungen aus den Memoiren des Sutons, “ Extracts from the Memoirs of Satan” (2 vols. 1826-27), was of a fragmentary kind, but gave additional proof of his talent as a humorist. In 1826 he wrote a novel—Der Mann im Monde, ‘The Man in the Moon”—with the intention of satirizing and parodying the sentimental sensualism of Clauren ; but in the course of composition the projceted parody became a regular imitation, and, as he issued the novel under the name of that romancer, the latter brought an action against him for the abuse of his name, and gained his lawsuit. Hauff succeeded, however, in morally annihilat- ing that maudlin narrator by his witty Coutroversprediyt, "Controversial Sermon” (1826). Animated by the genius of Sir Walter Scott, Hauff wrote a historical romance called Lichtenstein (1826), which illustrated the most interesting period in the history of Wirtemberg, and, being one of the first historical German novels, acquired, in spite of its weakness as a literary composition, great popularity throughout Germany. His fanciful work, Phantasten im Dremer Rathskeller (1827), is pervaded, especially in the first portion of the book, by an exuberant spirit of conviviality, which exercises a cheering effect on the reader; but his mo-t perfect fiction is the Bettlerzn vom Pont-des-Arts. Haufl’s works have gone, collectively and separately, through many editions, and some of his shorter poems have become regular “ Volkslieder.”  HAUG, (1761–1829), a German epigrammatist, was born March 19, 1761, at Niederstotzingen in Wiirtemberg, and received his early training from his father, who was afterwards professor aud preacher at Stuttgart. From the gymnasium in this city Haug passed in 1776 to the Prince Charles academy, where he had Schiller as a fellow scholar, and, after finishing the philosophical and philological course, he devoted himself to the study of legal science with so much success that he attracted the attention of the duke. In 1784 he was appointed secretary of the private closet to his patron, in 1791 received the title of curial and palatine count, in 1794 became the duke’s private secretary, and in 1817 was made L/ofrath or aulic councillor and librarian of the public library at Stuttgart. In 1827 he travelled through northern Germany, and on 30th January 1829 he died. Hang began his career as an author by publishing Sixngedichte von Friedrich Hophthalmos (Frankfort, 1791), the pseud- onym Hophthalmos being a jocular Greek equivalent of his own name (Aug, the eye, equal to Ophthalmos, and therc- fore Haug equal to Hophthalmos).

1em  HAUG, (1827–1876), Orientalist, was born at Ostdorf near Balingen, Wiirtemberg, January 30, 1827. As a self-taught Jad he became a pupil in the gymnasium at Stuttgart at a comparatively late age; and in 1848 ke entered the university of Tiibingen, where he devoted hin:- self to the study of the Oriental languages, and especially of Sanskrit under Roth. He afterwards for some time attended the lectures of Ewald and Benfey in Gottingen, and finally “habilitated ” as a privat-docent at Bonn. In 1856 he removed to Heidelberg as collaborateur in the pre- paration of Bunsen’s Bibelwerk ; and in 1859 he accepted an invitation to India, where he became superintendent of Sanskrit studies and professor of Sanskrit in Poona. There 