Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 10.djvu/448

434 

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,, by Charles Scribner’s Sons.

EORGIA, one of the thirteen original of the, has  and  on the N.,  and the  on the E.,  S., and  W. The Savannah  separates the  on the E. from ; the St Mary’s, on the S., divides it in part from ; the Chattahoochee, on the W., flows between  and  for nearly half its course. Georgia lies between 30° 21′39″ and 35°N. , and between 81° and 85° 53′38″W. It is 320 long from N. to S., and 256  in its greatest breadth from E. to W., with an  of 58,000.

Surface.&mdash;Georgia has three distinctly marked zones, varying in,, and s. Her sea-coast is similar to that of the , being ed by fertile islands, separated from the mainland by narrow s or by. This section is essentially. Beginning at the sea-coast, a gradually ascending y extends northward and westward as far as the head of on the Savannah, Ogeechee, Oconee, and Ocmulgee rivers, where it meets a. ,, and indicate the northern limit of this tract. Here begins the y and finally ous region, the most, extensive,, and of the. A second, 60 or 70 s broad, stretches above the of the rivers until it meets the southernmost  of the great   of s which traverses , , and northern Georgia under the name of the , and is finally lost in. This picturesque district extends in Georgia from county in the north-east corner of the  to  in the extreme north-west, where the summit of  dominates the  of the. Here are the of the two principal rivers of the ; here is the -producing region; and here is also the  of some of the most  s of the. The elevations of the vary from 1200 to 4000. In the south-east of the is the extensive , which has an estimated  of 180 s, is filled with s and islands, and is the congenial home of s, s, and other s.

and .&mdash;There are many fine s in Georgia. A north and south line passing through would nearly divide the s flowing into the from those discharging into the. The Savannah, Ogeechee, Altamaha, Santilla, and St Mary’s fall into the, and the Chattahoochee, Flint, and of the Suwanee flow to the. The s are generally for s to the  which occur on the great central plateau of the —that is to say, the Savannah to, the Oconee and Ocmulgee (s of the Altamaha) to  and , and the Chattahoochee to. Besides their ordinary purposes as s of and, her s have given to Georgia the character of a manufacturing , and she is developing and increasing their abundant -s with energy and success.

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Georgia has about 128 s of -, but has few good s, except within the rivers emptying upon it. ,, , and are the principal. The of s lying off the mainland produces the celebrated -, but owing to the changes brought about by the  it is now little. These s are flat, and generally little above the. Cumberland, one of the most attractive, is nearly 30 s long. It is covered with magnificent s of, and its s are ed with , 