Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 10.djvu/13

Rh been successively rcpctent in Gettingen and teacher in the public schools of Dortmund (Westphalia) and Altdorf (Bavaria), he was, in 1793, appointed second professor of theology in the university of the last-named city, whence he was translated to a chair in Jena in 1804. At Altdorf he published (1791–93) a new edition, with introduction and notes, of Eichhorn’s Urgesr/ric/zte; this,was followed, two years afterwards, by a supplement entitled Nearer l'ersuch ﬁber the mosaisc/ze Scholy'ungsgeschichte. He was also the author of several original works which were charac- terized by much critical acumen, and which had consider- able inﬂuence on the course of German thought on theo- logical and biblical questions. From 1798 to 1811 he was editor of the Theologisches Journal, ﬁrst conjointly with Il'anlein, Ammon, and Paulus, and afterwards unassisted. He died at Jena, February 17, 1826.  GABLONZ, the chief town of a circle in Bohemia, is situated in a hilly country on the river Neisse, about miles SE. of Reichenberg. It possesses a Catholic and a Protestant church, a city school, a hospital, and a ﬁne new town-house. Its principal industry is the manufacture of glass, the export of which reaches an annual value of over 6 million guilders. It has also net and cloth factories. The population in 1869 was 6752.  GABOON RIVER, or, called Olo' Mpongwe by the Mpongwe natives, and Aboka by the Fan, is, in reality, not a river but an estuary on the west coast of Africa. It lies immediately north of the equator, disem- boguing in 0° 21' 25" N. lat. and 9° 21' 23” \V. long. At the entrance, between Cape J oinville, or Santa Clara, on the N., and Cape Pangara, or Sandy Point, on the 8., it has a width of about 18 English miles. It maintains a breadth of about 7 miles for a distance of 40 miles inland, when it contracts into what is known more correctly as the lie Olambo, which is not more than 2 or 3 miles from bank to bank. Two rivers, the N komo or Como and the Mbokwa or Bokoe, discharge into the upper portion of the Rio Olambo, both taking their rise in the country of the Sierra dal Crystal. The former, which far exceeds the other in the length of its course, has its head waters, according to M. Genoyer (1862), in that part of the range which is known to the natives as Anenguenpala, or the “ “Tater—jug.” Mr Winwood Reade reached the rapids in 1862, and Mr It. B. N. Walker, one of the traders in the Gaboon, has ascended for about 30 miles up the river, which had still 2 fathoms of water. Captain Burton, who in 1870 sailed up the Mbokwa as far as Tippet Town or Mayyan, a little way beyond the confluence of the Londo, found it there “some 50 feet broad,” with a tidal rise of nearly 7 feet. There are a great number of other streams that fall into the Gaboon, but only two are worthy of special mention,—the Remboa, which, rising like the Nkomo and Mbokwa in the Sierra dal Crystal, enters the estuary at its south-east corner, and the Eko or Cohit, which is the largest of the right hand aﬁluents. Though the whole estuary is studded with islands, reefs, and shoals, none of the islands are of great extent except Coniquet, or King’s Isle, at the mouth of the Cohit, and Embeneh, or Parrot Island, in the middle of the channel.

1em 1em 1em 1em  GABRIEL (Saran. i.e., man of God, mean) is the name of the heavenly messenger (see ) who was sent to Daniel to explain the vision of the ram and the he-goat, and to communicate the prediction of the Seventy Weeks (Dan. viii. 16 ; ix. 21). He was also employed to announce the birth of John the Baptist to Zechariah, and that of the Messiah to the Virgin Mary (Luke i. 19, 26). Both Jewish and Christian writers generally speak of him as an archangel—a habit which is readily accounted for when Luke i. 19 is compared with Rev. viii. 2, and also w1th Tobit xii. 15. In the apocryphal Book of Enoch (c. ix.) he is spoken of as one of “ the four great archangels,” Michael,