Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 2.pdf/287

 pacifying local bandits in Shantung. For his military service he was appointed an intendant in Shensi, a position he declined. He took his chin-shih degree in 1865, and thereafter rose from a bachelor to a reader in the Hanlin Academy. He was one of the most opulent men of his time in Shantung, and although he is said to have been miserly, he purchased books regardless of expense. In March 1861, when the Nien bandits attacked the western region of Fei-ch'êng, Shantung, his rare books were housed in that area in a villa known as T'ao-nan shan-kuan 陶南山館. Consequently a part of the collection was destroyed by the bandits. During the ensuing years, however, he acquired the greater part of the Ming-shan t'ang collection (see under ) in Peking. In the years 1862–63, when he was at his home, he compiled a catalogue in 5 chüan with bibliographical notes on about 170 rare items in his library. Later he compiled a supplement of 4 chüan which analyzed about 100 items. These two catalogues he published with prefaces dated 1869 and 1871, respectively, under the title 楹書隅錄 Ying-shu yü-lu. They were reprinted in 1912 with brief notes by his son, Yang Pao-i (see below). In these catalogues there are listed three Ming editions printed from movable copper type. Another brief catalogue of about 360 rare items from the Hai-yüan ko, was compiled by Yang Shao-ho, and published by Chiang Piao (see under ) in 1888 under the title Liao-ch'êng Yang-shih Hai-yüan ko ts'ang-shu mu (藏書目).

As one of the best private collections at the close of the Ch'ing period, the Hai-yüan ko ranked with the T'ieh-ch'in t'ung-chien lou of the Ch'ü family (see under ). They were referred to, after the names of the owners, as "Ch'ü in the South and Yang in the North" (南瞿北楊). The Hai-yüan ko was carefully preserved by Yang Shao-ho's son, Yang Pao-i 楊保彝. He became a chü-jên in 1870, but remained at home for a number of years to mourn the death of his parents and his grandmother. Later he served in the Office of Foreign Affairs, and rose to a nominal second rank. Soon after the Boxer uprising he retired to his villa, Mei-yüan 眉園, in Fei-ch'êng, Shantung. Several years later he served temporarily as a compiler of the history of his native province, Shantung t'ung-chih, which was completed in 200 chüan in 1911 and published in 1915. Yang Pao-i, being without heirs, and fearful that his collection might be dispersed after his death, presented complete catalogues of all his items to the district office of Liao-ch'êng (November 11, 1909), and moved to Tientsin, taking with him his most valuable books. According to these catalogues, the Hai-yüan ko contained about 3,700 items (some 219,000 chüan), among which were about 470 Sung and Yüan editions in some 11,300 chüan. A catalogue of these Sung and Yüan editions, compiled by Yang Pao-i, was re-edited in 4 chüan and published in 1931 by the Shantung Provincial Library under the title Hai-yüan ko Sung Yüan pi-pên shu-mu (祕本書目). When the army of Wang Chin-fa 王金發 occupied Liao-ch'êng in 1929–30, the building of the Hai-yüan ko was used as military headquarters, and consequently most of what was there deposited was stolen or destroyed. A number of items from the collection later appeared in book-shops.

[5/33/20b; Pai-hsien shan-fang wên-chi, collected works of Mei Tsêng-liang 11/5b, 13/10a, supplement 10b; Liao-ch'êng hsien-chih (1910) 8/20b, 50a, appendix; Chin-shih jên-wu chih (see under ) p. 221; Liu Chieh-p'ing, "The Hai Yüan Ko and its Vicissitudes" (in Chinese), Eastern Miscellany (Tung-fang tsa-chih), vol. 28, no. 10 (1931); Library Science Quart. (T'u-shu-kuan hsüeh chi-k'an), vol. 4, no. 2 photograph of Hai-yüan ko; Ch'ên Têng-yüan 陳登原, 古今典籍聚散考 Ku-chin tien-chi chi-san k'ao (1936) pp. 236, 275–95, 354–59.]

2em

 YANG-ku-li ê-fu. See under.

 YANG Kuang-hsien 楊光先, 1597–1669, official, opponent of the early missionaries, was a native of Shê-hsien, Anhwei. It is reported that as a youth he was very excitable, and often fell into a rage in the course of an argument, even with his elders. Because of this, his father regarded him as unfit for an official career and prohibited him from taking the civil examinations. After his father's death he might have inherited a minor hereditary rank left by an ancestor, Yang Ning 楊寧, but, in line with his father's admonition, he decided to remain a commoner and passed on the rank to a younger brother. Having, however, an insatiable interest in politics, he submitted in June 1637, when he was in Peking, a memorial to the last Ming Emperor (see ), attacking/two officials for corruption and incompetency. (One of the officials he so 889