Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 2.pdf/187

 Li's style required more time and concentration than Tung cared to devote to it. Being goodnatured, and at times financially dependent on his art, he had to satisfy as many demands as possible. It is said that at least two artists who could imitate his styles—namely, Wu I 吳易 in calligraphy, and Chao Tso 趙左  in painting—were at one time or another in his employ. It seems that some works bearing his signature were actually made by these and other less-known artists.

A collection of writings by Tung Ch'i-ch'ang, entitled 容臺集 Jung-t'ai chi, consisting of 9 chüan of prose, 4 chüan of verse, and 4 chüan of miscellaneous pieces, was made by his grandson Tung T'ing 董庭, and published with a preface by his close friend,, dated 1630. Three works on painting, entitled 畫禪室隨筆 Hua-ch'an shih sui-pi, 畫旨 Hua chih, and 畫眼 Hua-yen, have been published under Tung's name, but these consist chiefly of his annotations, and nearly all the information in them appears in the third part of the Jung-t'ai chi. Of the 155 comments in the latter work, 63 appear in the Hua-ch'an shih sui-pi. These three works on painting contain many paragraphs which are known to have been taken from a work, entitled 畫說 Hua-shuo, compiled by a contemporary and fellow-townsman, Mo Shih-lung 莫是龍. The priority of Mo's work can be established by the fact that it was published in the Pao-yen t'ang pi-chi (see under ), about twenty years before Tung died. Tung's collected works were compiled much later by his admirers, and perhaps even by irresponsible, book-sellers. A list of his paintings and writings, with colophons and detailed descriptions, entitled 董華亭書畫錄 Tung Hua-t'ing shu-hua lu, appeared in 1896 in the Ling-chien ko ts'ung-shu (see under ).

In his later private life Tung Ch'i-ch'ang seems to have resorted to some of the high-handed practices of the landed gentry of his day. His behavior was perhaps not worse than that of other landlords; but one incident, cited in contemporary works, and in old manuscripts recently discovered, may be noted. In April 1616 several women who came to his home with grievances were beaten and insulted. The local populace became incensed, and on April 30 a mob attacked his home, set it on fire, and pillaged for two days. He and his family escaped with their lives, but the house was razed to the ground. The case was settled when a few known miscreants were executed as ringleaders of the mob and several students were dismissed from the local school for their part in the demonstration. For his own loss, including many treasured paintings and other works of art, Tung was never compensated. A collection of the documents relating to the case, entitled 民抄董宦紀實 Min-ch'ao Tung-huan chi-shih, was printed in 1924 in the Yu-man-lou ts'ung-shu (see under ) from old manuscripts.

Some of the examples of calligraphy that were once in the possession of Tung Ch'i-ch'ang were reproduced from rubbings taken from stone, and published in the work, 戲鴻堂法帖 Hsi-hung t'ang fa-t'ieh. His own handwritings were reproduced in various collections, among them Pao-ting chai (寶鼎齋) fa-t'ieh and the T'ung-lung kuan (銅龍館) t'ieh. A catalog, entitled 玄賞齋書目 Hsüan-shang chai shu-mu, printed from manuscripts in 1932, is said to be a list of the books in his library.

[M.1/288/10b; M.64/kêng 7/1a; M.65/4/7b; M.84/ting-hsia/57b; Shanghai hsien chih (1871) 19/24a; Wu-hsien chih (1933) 40/24a; Lou-hsien chih (1788) 13/15a, 23/9b; Hua-t'ing hsien chih (1878) 6/12a, 20/25a; Yü Shao-sung, Shu-hua shu-lu chieh-t'i (see bibl. under ) 3/21b, 3/25b, 7/9b;, P'u-shu t'ing chi 16/11a; Shên Ping-hsün, 權齋老人筆記 Ch'üan-chai lao-jên pi-chi (in Chia-yeh t'ang ts'ung-shu) 3/llb; Hsieh Kuo-chên, "A Study of the Slave Revolt in Late Ming Times" (in Chinese), Tsing-hua Journal, vol. VIII, no. 1 (1932), pp. 11–14; Ch'ang-ch'u chai sui-pi (hsü-pi, see under ) 9/1a; , Yü-chih shih êr-chi 38/22b, 55/15a, 80/2b, 82/20b; Portrait in Kuo-ts'ui hsüeh-pao (see under ), third year; , Wan-hsiang t'ang hsiao-p'in (小品) 15/6a, 16/27a; Ch'in Tsu-yung 秦祖永, 桐陰論畫 Tung-yin lun-hua; Shao Sung-nien 邵松年, 古綠萃錄 Ku-yüan ts'ui-lu 5/25a; , Jang-li kuan kuo-yen lu 24/17a; , T'ung-jên chi 3/85a; 明貢舉考略 Ming kung-chü k'ao-lüeh 2/24b; T'an Ch'ien 談遷, 國榷 Kuo-chüeh; Ku Ling 顧苓, 金陵野鈔 Chin-ling yeh-ch'ao, p. 9a; Ts'ao Chia-chü 曹家駒, 說夢 Shuo-mêng 2/2b, 7a.]

2em

 TUNG Hsün 董恂, Sept. 5, 1807–1892, Aug. 10, official and scholar, was a native of Kan-ch'üan, Kiangsu. When he was seven sui 789