Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 1.pdf/541

 where he served for several months as a private secretary to Prefect Juan Ch'ang-shêng (see under ). Liu obtained his chü-jên degree at Nanking in 1835 and then directed for a while the Kuang-ling (廣陵) Academy at Yangchow. In the year following this he went to Peking where he competed unsuccessfully in the metropolitan examination of 1836. After teaching in Yangchow for the next few years, he obtained (1840) his chin-shih degree and was appointed district-magistrate of Wên-an, Chihli, a post he assumed in the following year. During his term in office he was busily engaged in conservancy work, but the zealous performance of his duties antagonized the local people and their false accusations resulted in his removal late in 1844. On the basis of this experience Liu later compiled a work on conservancy, entitled 文安隄工錄 Wên-an ti-kung lu, 6 chüan, which was printed early in 1848. After 1845, until he died in office aged sixty-five (sui), he served as magistrate in the following districts in Chihli: Pao-ti (1845), Ku-an (1845–46), Yüan-shih (1846–51), and San-ho (1852–55). After his death his fellow-townsmen canonized him privately as Hsiao-hsien hsien-shêng 孝獻先生 and entered his tablet in the local temple.

As the most distinguished follower of Liu T'ai-kung, Liu Pao-nan was celebrated for his exact studies in the Classics. Like his master, he was free from the partisan prejudice that marked either the followers of the School of Han Learning or the adherents of Sung philosophy. His most valuable contribution to scholarship was an authoritative commentary to the Analects, entitled 論語正義 Lun-yü chêng-i, which he began in 1828 but failed to complete before his death. His second son, Liu Kung-mien 劉恭冕, completed his father's work and printed it in 1866 in 24 chüan. Later this work was reprinted three times, once in the Huang-Ch'ing ching-chieh hsü-pien (see under ). Liu Kung-mien left another small work on the Analects, entitled 何休注訓論語述 Ho Hsiu chu-hsün Lun-yü shu, which was also printed in the Huang-Ching ching-chieh hsü-pien. He was on the staff of the Kiangnan Printing Office (see under ) and later served as director of the Ching-hsin Shu-yüan 經心書院, an Academy established by at Wuchang in 1869. In the latter capacity he compiled several local gazetteers.

Liu Pao-nan left two historical works: one, entitled 釋穀 Shih ku, 4 chüan, first printed in 1855, a study of the names of grains mentioned in the classics; and another, entitled 勝朝殉揚錄 Shêng-ch'ao hsün Yang lu, 3 chüan, printed in 1871, consisting of biographies of and other Ming loyalists who fought and died in the battle of Yangchow in 1645 against the Ch'ing forces. Liu's study of inscriptions on stone in the Han period, entitled 漢石例 Han-shih li, 6 chüan, was first printed in the Lien-yün i ts'ung-shu (see under ). Later the original manuscript came into the possession of K'uang Yüan (see under ), and after being collated by him was printed about 1870 by. A collection of Liu Pao-nan's notes on the classics and ancient history was edited by his descendants and was printed by the Kuang-ya Printing Office (see under ) in 1895 in 6 chüan under the title 愈愚錄 Yü-yü lu. In addition to the above-mentioned items Liu Pao-nan produced the following works: a collection of records about his ancestors which was completed in 1832 in 10 chüan and was printed a few years later under the title 寶應劉氏清芬集 Pao-ying Liu-shih ch'ing-fên chi; a historical geography of his native district printed in 1883 in 6 chüan under the title, Pao-ying t'u-ching (圖經); and an anthology of prose and verse by authors of Pao-ying, entitled Pao-ying wên-chêng (文徵). The last-mentioned work is reported to have comprised about 100 chüan, but was never printed. Another unpublished work of Liu Pao-nan is a collection of his prose and verse, entitled 念樓集 Nien-lou chi, 8 + 2 chüan.

[1/488/30b; 2/69/62a; 5/73/22b; Liu Wên-hsing 劉文典, Nien-p'u of Liu Pao-nan (劉楚楨先生年譜) with portrait in 輔仁學誌 Fu-jên hsüeh-chih, vol. IV, no. 1 (1933); Fujikawa Kumaichirō 藤川熊一郎, 劉家の論語家學と論語正義 in 斯文 Shibun, vol. XIV, nos. 9–11 (1932).]

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 LIU Shih 柳是, 1618–1664, July 21, originally was variously known as Yang Ai 楊愛, as Yang Yin 楊因, and as Liu Yin 柳隱. Though a singsong girl of Wu-chiang, Kiangsu, she achieved fame as a poetess and calligrapher. Having determined to marry a learned man, she went to Sung-chiang to visit but he declined to see her. In 1640 she visited. On July 14, 1641 she 529