Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 1.pdf/446

Rh shih of 1802 who served as president of the Board of Ceremonies (1838–44).

There are at least three chronological biographies, or nien-p'u, of Kung Tzŭ-chên: one compiled by Wu Ch'ang-shou 吳昌綬, reprinted in 1935; another by Huang Shou-hêng 黃守恆; a third by Chu Chieh-ch'in 朱傑勤 and printed in the 周行月刊 Chou-hsing yüeh-k'an (No. 1). A supplement to the first was prepared by Chang Tsu-lien (see above) under the title, Ting-an nien-p'u wai-chi (外紀), printed in 1921 in Chang's Chüan-ching lou ts'ung-k'o.

[1/491/12b; 2/73/37b; 6/49/13a; Kong Shou-chêng, 季思自訂年譜 Chi-ssŭ tz'ŭ-ting nien-p'u; Ch'ien Mu, Chung-kuo chin san-pai nien hsüeh-shu shih (char. same as in bibl. under ); 廣州學報 Kuang-chou hsüeh-pao, vol. 1, nos. 1, 2 (Jan.–Apr., 1937); Quarterly Journal of Liberal Arts, Wuhan University, vol. 1, no. 4 (Jan. 1931);, Liang-Chê yu-hsüan-lu, hsü-lu; , Ying-juan tsa-chih, chüan 5; idem Sung-pin so-hua 5/1a; Chekiang Provincial Library, 文瀾學報 Wên-lan hsüeh-pao, vol. 2, nos. 3–4 (Dec. 1936), pp. 15–22, 23–24, 70–71.]

2em

 K'UNG Kuang-sên 孔廣森, 1752–1786, scholar, a native of Ch'ü-fu, Shantung, was a descendant of Confucius in the seventieth generation. His grandfather, K'ung Ch'uan-to 孔傳鐸, inherited the title, Duke Yen-shêng 衍聖公 in 1723. His father, Kung Chi-fên 孔繼汾, was a chü-jên of 1747 and the author of the 闕里文獻考 Ch'üeh-li wên-hsien k'ao, 100 + 1 chüan, printed in 1762—a comprehensive work on Confucius, his descendants, his disciples, and his philosophy. Kung Kuangsên became a chü-jên in 1768 at the age of seventeen sui. Three years later (1771) he became a chin-shih and a member of the Hanlin Academy, and was later appointed a corrector. His mother died in 1777. Although he resumed his official duties when the mourning period was over, he retired soon after. Before long his family became involved in a law suit, which made it necessary for him to go to many places for help. He was in Honan on this matter in 1785 when he met. There he became acquainted with many scholars who were on Pi Yüan's secretarial staff, among them and. Early in the winter of the following year (1786) Kung Kuang-sên died—a few months after the decease of his father.

K'ung Kuang-sên was an ardent student of the classics, especially in matters relating to the Kung-yang school of the Spring and Autumn Annals. He was the first scholar in the Ch'ing period to study the Kung-yang interpretations, but his influence was negligible. is regarded as the real founder of the Kung-yang school which flourished in the later Ch'ing period.

Although K'ung Kuang-sên lived a short life of only thirty-four years he left seven works, which were printed during the years 1792–1814, first by his younger brother, K'ung Kuang-lien 孔廣廉, and then by his son, K'ung Fu-ch'ien 孔服虔 , a chin-shih of 1801. These works were brought together under the general title 顨軒孔氏所著書 Hsün-hsüan K'ung-shih so-chu shu. The following five of the seven titles relate to the classics: 公羊春秋經傳通義 Kung-yang Ch'un-ch'iu ching-chuan t'ung-i, 12 chüan; 大載禮記補注 Ta-Tai Li-chi pu-chu, 14 chüan; 詩聲類 Shih shêng lei, 13 chüan; 禮學卮言 Li-hsüeh chih-yen, 6 chüan; and 經學卮言 Ching-hsüeh chih-yen, 6 chüan. The other two titles are 少廣正負術內外篇 Shao-kuang chêng-fu shu nei-wai p'ien, 6 chüan—a work on mathematics; and 駢儷文 P'ien-li wên, 3 chüan, his collected prose in the balanced, or p'ien-li style. All of these works, some of them in abbreviated form, appear in various collectanea. K'ung Kuang-sên was also an accomplished calligrapher.

[1/487/25a; 3/129/36a; 29/6/16a; 山東通志 Shan-tung t'ung-chih (1915) 172/15a; Ch'üeh-li wên-hsien k'ao 10/6a, 100/1b.]

2em

 K'UNG Shang-jên 孔尚任, Nov. 1, 1648–1718 Feb. 14, scholar and dramatist, a native of Ch'ü-fu, Shantung, was a descendant of Confucius in the sixty-fourth generation. His father, K'ung Chên-fan 孔貞璠, was a chü-jên of 1633. K'ung Shang-jên built a studio in the Shih-mên hills (石門山) about fifty li north-east of Ch'ü-fu, which he styled Ku-yün ts'ao-t'ang 孤雲草堂 "The Lonely Cloud Villa." There he remained several years, until 1682, to devote himself to study. In 1684 he completed the compilation of 434